[Effects of urbanization on supply and demand of regional ecological footprint]

Based on the time series of ecological footprint (EF) in Jilin Province from 1994 to 2003, the relationship models of EF, ecological budget, and EF intensity with urbanization level were established. The results showed that in Jilin Province, there existed significant correlations of EF, ecological budget, and EF intensity with urbanization level. Along with the development of urbanization, the EF in the Province increased from 1.59 hm2 x cap(-1) in 1994 to 2.23 hm2 x cap(-1) in 2003, which was mainly affected by the process of urbanization and the proportion of tertiary industry. The EFs of built-up land, pasture and fossil fuel land changed more markedly, among which, the EFs of pasture and fossil fuel land were mainly affected by domestic consumption, while that of built-up land was mainly affected by the GDP per capita and the proportion of tertiary industry. Owing to the increase of domestic consumption, the ecological deficit increased from 0.319 hm2 cap in 1994 to 0.923 hm2 cap(-1) in 2003. The changes in ecological budget of pasture and fossil fuel land were more remarkable. Under the effects of the optimization of economic structure and consumption structure, the EF intensity in the Province decreased from 4.14 hm2 x (10(4) Yuan)(-1) in 1994 to 2.35 hm2 (10(4) Yuan)(-1) in 2003, and there still had enough potential for the decrease. Through the optimization of economic structure and consumption structure, an ecological surplus and the balance between natural resources supply and demand in the Province could be achieved.