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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota

The human gut microbiome includes a diverse array of microbial species, including beneficial commensals and opportunistic pathogens, which interact to support host health. These microbes contribute to essential functions such as nutrient metabolism, immune system modulation, and maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. However, disruptions to this equilibrium—referred to as dysbiosis—can have widespread physiological consequences.Dysbiosis is often characterized by reduced microbial...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...

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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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Published on: September 22, 2019

Phagocyte dysfunction and inflammatory bowel disease.

Farooq Z Rahman1, Daniel J B Marks, Bu H Hayee

  • 1Department of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom.

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
|April 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Congenital disorders affecting phagocyte function can cause inflammatory bowel disease resembling Crohn's disease. This suggests a potential role for phagocyte dysfunction in Crohn's disease pathogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, are chronic inflammatory conditions of unknown etiology.
  • Current hypotheses often implicate T-cell mediated adaptive immune dysfunction in IBD pathogenesis.
  • Congenital disorders affecting phagocyte function are known to cause immunodeficiency and noninfectious inflammatory bowel disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on inflammatory bowel disease associated with congenital immunodeficiencies.
  • To explore the role of phagocyte dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease.
  • To identify shared concepts in pathogenesis and treatment applicable to both IBD and congenital phagocyte disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Consolidation of existing literature on inflammatory bowel disease in congenital immunodeficiencies.
  • Analysis of clinical and pathological features of IBD in these congenital disorders.
  • Review of recent findings on the innate immune response in Crohn's disease patients.

Main Results:

  • Congenital disorders of phagocyte function lead to inflammatory bowel disease with features similar to Crohn's disease.
  • Patients with Crohn's disease exhibit a diminished acute innate inflammatory response, contrary to previous focus on adaptive immunity.
  • Phagocyte dysfunction is a plausible contributing factor to the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease associated with congenital immunodeficiencies provides insights into Crohn's disease.
  • Dysfunctional phagocytes may play a significant role in Crohn's disease development.
  • Understanding phagocyte roles could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for Crohn's disease and related disorders.