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Optical antenna effect in semiconducting nanowires.

G Chen1, Jian Wu, Qiujie Lu

  • 1Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.

Nano Letters
|April 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

We observed strong optical antenna effects in gallium phosphide (GaP) nanowires (NWs). These effects, driven by photon confinement, are crucial for understanding light interactions in nanoscale semiconductor devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanophotonics
  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics

Background:

  • Nanoscale antennae are crucial for manipulating light at the sub-wavelength scale.
  • Gallium phosphide (GaP) nanowires (NWs) offer unique optical properties for nanophotonic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction of light with crystalline GaP nanowires (NWs).
  • To understand the optical antenna effects and their dependence on NW diameter.

Main Methods:

  • Raman scattering measurements on individual GaP NWs with diameters ranging from 40 to 300 nm.
  • Theoretical calculations to analyze photon confinement and bulk Raman scattering interactions.

Main Results:

  • Observed strong optical antenna effects attributed to internal standing wave photon modes.

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  • Demonstrated that NWs with diameters < 65 nm act as dipole antennas, masking bulk Raman selection rules.
  • Showed polarized scattering intensity I_R approximately cos^4 theta at small diameters.

    • Conclusions:

    • The optical antenna effect in semiconducting NWs is critical for analyzing electro-optic effects.
    • Understanding these effects is essential for designing and interpreting experiments with nanoscale optical devices.