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DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

RNA-seq

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases.
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...

FISH - Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization

FISH - Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization

Fluorescence in situ hybridization, or FISH, was developed in the early 1980s and has quickly become one of the most widely used techniques in cytogenetics. Labeled probes are used to bind complementary DNA or RNA sequences on a chromosome or in a region within a cell. Earlier, the probes could only be obtained by cloning or reverse transcription of a DNA template. Currently, the probe oligonucleotides can be synthesized synthetically. Additionally, with the advancement of optical techniques,...

Labeling DNA Probes

Labeling DNA Probes

DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Technical Demonstration of Whole Genome Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization

Technical Demonstration of Whole Genome Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization

Published on: August 5, 2008

[DNA arrays: a general overview and specific applications].

Amets Sáenz¹, Adolfo López de Munain

¹Unidad Experimental, Hospital Donostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España. asaenz@chdo.osakidetza.net

Medicina Clinica

|April 22, 2008

Summary

DNA arrays simplify complex human genome analysis for accurate molecular diagnostics. This advanced technology aids in personalized medicine, improving drug effectiveness and minimizing adverse effects.

Area of Science:

Genomics
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology

Context:

The human genome's complexity and challenges in molecular diagnostics necessitate advanced analytical tools.
High-throughput technologies are crucial for comprehensive genomic analysis.

Purpose:

To explore the application of DNA arrays in analyzing complex genomic regions.
To highlight the role of DNA arrays in mutation detection and gene expression analysis.
To discuss the contribution of DNA arrays to personalized medicine.

Summary:

DNA arrays enable the analysis of extensive genomic sequences in a single experiment.
This technique facilitates the detection of mutations and polymorphisms.
Variations in gene expression related to disorders and drug response can be studied.

More Related Videos

DNA Microarrays: Sample Quality Control, Array Hybridization and Scanning

DNA Microarrays: Sample Quality Control, Array Hybridization and Scanning

Published on: March 15, 2011

High-Density DNA and RNA microarrays - Photolithographic Synthesis, Hybridization and Preparation of Large Nucleic Acid Libraries

High-Density DNA and RNA microarrays - Photolithographic Synthesis, Hybridization and Preparation of Large Nucleic Acid Libraries

Published on: August 12, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Technical Demonstration of Whole Genome Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization

Technical Demonstration of Whole Genome Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization

Published on: August 5, 2008

DNA Microarrays: Sample Quality Control, Array Hybridization and Scanning

DNA Microarrays: Sample Quality Control, Array Hybridization and Scanning

Published on: March 15, 2011

High-Density DNA and RNA microarrays - Photolithographic Synthesis, Hybridization and Preparation of Large Nucleic Acid Libraries

High-Density DNA and RNA microarrays - Photolithographic Synthesis, Hybridization and Preparation of Large Nucleic Acid Libraries

Published on: August 12, 2019

Impact:

DNA arrays significantly advance personalized medicine by tailoring treatments to individual patients.
Improved drug efficacy and reduced adverse effects are key outcomes.
Enhanced molecular diagnostics contribute to better patient outcomes.