Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs like...

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The balance between a new Antibiotic and Non-antibiotic Alternatives for the treatment and prevention of uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2026

Same author

Health-related quality of life in well-treated people with HIV and comparators over an 8-year period: a longitudinal analysis from the prospective AGEhIV cohort study.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2026

Same author

Obstructive renal Candida fungus balls in an SGLT2-inhibitor user.

Kidney international·2026

Same author

Class switching toward IgG4 six months after primary mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination in kidney patients.

PloS one·2026

Same author

Reply to Sharma.

Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·2026

Same author

Bacteriuria in Nursing Home Residents in the Netherlands: Point Prevalence and Associated Factors.

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection

Published on: September 21, 2015

Antibiotic prophylaxis in urologic procedures: a systematic review.

A M Jikke Bootsma¹, M Pilar Laguna Pes, Suzanne E Geerlings

¹Department of Urology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

European Urology

|April 22, 2008

Summary

Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended for transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) and prostate biopsy due to strong evidence. For most other urologic procedures, evidence is limited, suggesting caution in antibiotic use.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection

Published on: September 21, 2015

Area of Science:

Urology
Infectious Diseases
Pharmacology

Background:

Antibiotic prophylaxis is crucial for preventing infectious complications during urologic interventions.
However, antibiotic use carries risks, including side-effects and antimicrobial resistance, necessitating evidence-based decision-making.
This review synthesizes current evidence to guide judicious antibiotic prophylaxis in urology.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and assess the available evidence on antibiotic prophylaxis for various urologic interventions.
To provide guidance on the appropriate use of antibiotic prophylaxis based on the highest available level of evidence.

Main Methods:

A systematic literature review was performed using major databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library) from 1980 to 2006.
Studies were identified through comprehensive searches and reference list reviews.
Selected articles were independently reviewed by multiple experts to ensure accuracy and consensus.

Main Results:

High-level evidence supports antibiotic prophylaxis for transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) and prostate biopsy.
Moderate to low evidence suggests prophylaxis is not consistently needed for cystoscopy, urodynamic investigations, transurethral resection of bladder tumor, and extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy.
Low evidence favors prophylaxis for therapeutic ureterorenoscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy; it is advised for clean-contaminated and prosthetic surgery but not for clean surgery.

Conclusions:

Robust evidence supports antibiotic prophylaxis for TURP and prostate biopsy.
A significant lack of well-conducted studies exists for most other urologic procedures, highlighting a need for further research.
Current evidence suggests a selective approach to antibiotic prophylaxis in urology, prioritizing interventions with strong supporting data.