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Environmental issues in managing asthma.

Gregory B Diette1, Meredith C McCormack, Nadia N Hansel

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1830 E Monument Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. gdiette@jhmi.edu

Respiratory Care
|April 23, 2008
PubMed
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Managing asthma involves controlling indoor and outdoor environmental exposures. Reducing indoor pollutants like particulate matter and allergens, and outdoor pollutants when elevated, can improve asthma health.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Asthma management necessitates addressing indoor and outdoor environmental exposures.
  • Indoor environments contain pollutants (particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, secondhand smoke, ozone) and allergens (pets, dust mites, cockroaches, rodents, molds).
  • Outdoor air quality also significantly impacts asthma, with pollutants like particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide being key concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of indoor and outdoor environmental factors affecting asthma.
  • To evaluate existing guideline recommendations for managing environmental exposures in asthma.
  • To identify practical strategies for reducing exposure to indoor and outdoor asthma triggers.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Literature review of environmental exposures and asthma management.
  • Analysis of existing asthma guideline recommendations regarding environmental control.
  • Synthesis of evidence on the impact of indoor and outdoor pollutants and allergens on asthma morbidity.

Main Results:

  • Indoor pollutants like particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide are linked to asthma morbidity.
  • Secondhand smoke has well-documented detrimental health effects.
  • Current guidelines offer limited specificity for indoor air quality optimization but emphasize allergen avoidance and smoking cessation.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive strategies are needed to manage both indoor and outdoor environmental exposures for effective asthma control.
  • While evidence for air cleaners is insufficient, reducing indoor pollutant sources and improving ventilation are practical approaches.
  • Allergen avoidance, guided by sensitization testing, is a key component of asthma management.