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Related Concept Videos

The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by producing...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging
07:12

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Published on: August 17, 2022

Surgery for hyperparathyroidism in image-negative patients.

Rodney K Chan1, Daniel T Ruan, Atul A Gawande

  • 1Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Archives of Surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
|April 23, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and negative preoperative imaging often require extensive surgery for cure. Nonlocalizing imaging may indicate referral to a high-volume center for complex parathyroid disease management.

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Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation
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Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation

Published on: March 14, 2017

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging
07:12

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Published on: August 17, 2022

Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation
07:13

Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation

Published on: March 14, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Primary hyperparathyroidism is a common endocrine disorder.
  • Preoperative localization imaging is crucial for guiding surgical intervention.
  • Negative or nonlocalizing imaging presents a surgical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the surgical outcomes in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and nonlocalizing preoperative imaging.
  • To determine the extent of surgery required for cure in these challenging cases.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective single-surgeon case series at a referral center.
  • Included 42 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and nonlocalizing cervical ultrasonography and technetium Tc 99m sestamibi imaging.
  • Main outcome measures included extent of surgery and operative findings.

Main Results:

  • Of 42 patients with nonlocalizing imaging, 41 were cured (97.6%) with a mean follow-up of 90 days.
  • 28.6% required partial thyroidectomy, 21.4% partial thymectomy, and 40.5% paratracheal dissection.
  • Pathology revealed single adenoma (61.9%), hyperplasia (33.3%), or double adenoma (4.8%).

Conclusions:

  • Failure to localize parathyroid adenoma preoperatively necessitates more extensive surgery for cure.
  • Nonlocalizing imaging may serve as a criterion for referring patients to high-volume centers specialized in complex parathyroid surgery.