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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...

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Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
12:59

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

Th17 and allergy.

Keisuke Oboki1, Tatsukuni Ohno, Hirohisa Saito

  • 1Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Toyko, Japan.

Allergology International : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
|April 23, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interleukin-17-producing helper T (Th17) cells, alongside regulatory T cells (Treg), have revised the classic Th1/Th2 paradigm. These Th17 cells are implicated in autoimmune diseases and may contribute to allergic disorders.

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Published on: September 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The discovery of novel helper T (Th) cell subsets, specifically IL-17-producing Th17 cells and regulatory T cells (Treg cells), has significantly advanced our understanding of immune responses.
  • This has led to a reevaluation of the established Th1/Th2 paradigm in the context of infectious and autoimmune diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on IL-17 and Th17 cells.
  • To discuss the potential roles of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of allergic disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature and evidence from gene-deficient mouse models.
  • Analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying immune responses and disease development.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests IL-17 and Th17 cells, rather than IFN-gamma and Th1 cells, are key drivers of autoimmune diseases like murine arthritis and encephalomyelitis.
  • Th17 cells may also play a role in the pathogenesis of allergic disorders traditionally linked to Th2 cells.

Conclusions:

  • IL-17 and Th17 cells are critical players in immune-mediated diseases, necessitating a revised understanding beyond the Th1/Th2 framework.
  • Further investigation into Th17 cell involvement in allergic diseases is warranted.