Cell-based screening for membranal and cytoplasmatic markers using dielectric spectroscopy

Dielectric spectroscopy (DS) of living biological cells is based on the analysis of the complex dielectric permittivity of cells suspended in a physiological medium. It provides knowledge on the polarization-relaxation response of cells to external electric field as function of the excitation frequency. This response is strongly affected by both structural and molecular properties of cells and therefore, can reveal rare insights on cell physiology and behaviour. This study demonstrates the mapping potential of DS after cytoplasmatic and membranal markers for cell-based screening analysis. The effect of membrane permittivity and cytoplasm conductivity was examined using tagged MBA and MDCK cell lines respectively. Comparing the permittivity spectra of tagged and native cell lines reveals clear differences between the analyzed suspensions. In addition, differences on the matching dielectric properties of cells were obtained. Those findings support the high distinction resolution and sensitivity of DS after fine molecular and cellular changes, and hence, highlight the high potential of DS as non invasive screening tool in cell biology research.