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The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

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Implicitly positive about alcohol? Implicit positive associations predict drinking behavior.

Katrijn Houben¹, Reinout W Wiers

¹Faculty of Psychology, Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. K.Houben@psychology.unimaas.nl

Addictive Behaviors

|April 25, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Positive implicit alcohol associations, measured by Implicit Association Tests (IATs), predict drinking behavior. This finding holds true even when accounting for explicit beliefs, highlighting the unique influence of implicit attitudes on alcohol consumption.

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Behavioral Science

Background:

Unipolar Implicit Association Tests (IATs) suggest positive implicit alcohol associations correlate with drinking behavior.
The relative nature of traditional IATs (e.g., alcohol vs. soft drinks) complicates score interpretation and behavioral links.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the predictive validity of alcohol-soft drinks IATs with Single Target IATs (ST-IATs) for alcohol.
To clarify the relationship between implicit alcohol associations and actual drinking behavior.

Main Methods:

Comparison of unipolar alcohol vs. soft drinks IATs with unipolar alcohol ST-IATs.
Assessment of implicit and explicit alcohol-related cognitions.
Correlation analysis with self-reported drinking behavior.

Main Results:

Positive implicit alcohol associations, measured by both IAT types, were linked to increased alcohol use.
Negative implicit alcohol associations showed no significant relationship with drinking behavior.
The alcohol-soft drinks IAT uniquely predicted alcohol use beyond explicit cognitions.

Conclusions:

Positive implicit associations with alcohol are robustly related to drinking behavior.
The alcohol-soft drinks IAT provides a valid measure of implicit alcohol attitudes that predict behavior.
Implicit measures capture unique variance in alcohol consumption not explained by explicit attitudes.