Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 5, 2026
08:05
Testing Tactile Masking between the Forearms
Published on: February 10, 2016
Effect of masker modulation depth on speech masking release
Dan Gnansia1, Vincent Jourdes, Christian Lorenzi
1Laboratoire de Psychologie de la Perception, UMR CNRS 8158, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saint Pères, 75006 Paris, France. dan.gnansia@ens.fr
Hearing Research
|April 25, 2008
Summary
Listeners can identify consonants better in fluctuating noise, especially when temporal fine structure (TFS) cues are present. Masking release improves with increased noise modulation depth, indicating auditory "glimpsing" into quieter noise segments.
Area of Science:
- Auditory perception
- Speech processing
- Psychoacoustics
Background:
- Speech intelligibility in noise is crucial for hearing aid users.
- Understanding auditory processing in complex noise environments is essential.
- Masking release (MR) in fluctuating noise aids speech perception.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate consonant identification in steady versus fluctuating noise.
- To examine the role of temporal fine structure (TFS) cues in masking release.
- To determine how masker modulation depth affects speech perception.
Main Methods:
- Normal-hearing listeners identified Vowel-Consonant-Vowel (VCV) stimuli.
- Stimuli were presented in steady or amplitude-modulated noise.
- Temporal fine structure (TFS) cues were manipulated by removing them in frequency bands.
Main Results:
- Masking release (MR) was observed for unprocessed VCVs in fluctuating noise.
- MR increased with masker modulation depth (m) at 8 and 32 Hz.
- Removing TFS cues significantly altered the effect of modulation depth on MR.
Conclusions:
- Listeners utilize auditory "glimpsing" into noise valleys for improved speech identification.
- Temporal fine structure (TFS) cues play a specific role in the glimpsing process.
- Masker modulation depth differentially impacts consonant feature reception (place, voicing, manner).
Related Concept Videos
01:19Masking and Demasking Agents
EDTA titrations may necessitate masking and demasking agents to temporarily protect a particular metal ion in a mixture from the EDTA reaction. These agents facilitate the sequential analysis of the metal ions by forming stable complexes with some—but not all—metal ions during certain steps.
There are many masking agents, such as cyanide, fluoride, triethanolamine, thiourea, and 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (formerly 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol), with the masking agent chosen based on the metal...
There are many masking agents, such as cyanide, fluoride, triethanolamine, thiourea, and 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (formerly 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol), with the masking agent chosen based on the metal...
01:26Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask
The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
01:24Facial Feedback Hypothesis
Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role of...
01:29Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm
Respiratory Depth
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:
01:16Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen
Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
01:30Administering Oxygen by Mask
Administering Oxygen by Mask
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes:
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes: