Measuring and mapping disparities in access to fresh fruits and vegetables in Montréal

This study was conducted to evaluate disparities in access to healthy food in Montreal, focusing on the availability of fresh fruits and vegetables (F/V) as an indicator.

F/V selling area was measured in all food retail stores and public markets offering more than 75 square feet of fresh fruits and vegetables. An accessibility index was elaborated, taking into account motorization rates and the total surface of these fresh foods for sale within an easily accessible zone. The extent of that zone was determined differently for motorized (3 km) and non-motorized (500 m) consumers. Measures were calculated and georeferenced at the level of "Dissemination Areas" according to the 2001 Census.

In general, access to healthy foods is quite good for consumers who shop by car. But 40% of the population have poor access to fruits and vegetables within a walkable distance from home. No relationship is observed between median income in dissemination areas and food supply.

Improved access to healthy food by non-motorized consumers is needed in many areas of Montreal. Implications of differential access to fresh fruits and vegetables for health and environmental sustainability are discussed.