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Related Concept Videos

Epistaxis01:30

Epistaxis

Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, occurs when small, swollen blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane rupture. Typically, the anterior septum is the primary site of occurrence.
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis01:20

Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis

Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which forms a...
Tracheostomy Decannulation01:21

Tracheostomy Decannulation

Tracheostomy decannulation is a significant milestone in the liberation of mechanically ventilated patients. Despite its importance, there is no universally accepted protocol for this procedure. This demands an evidence-based, individualized approach.
Description of the Procedure
Decannulation refers to the permanent removal of the tracheostomy tube, signaling the resolution of the condition that initially necessitated the tracheostomy. The process requires a well-coordinated interplay between...
Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...
Introduction to Hemostasis01:05

Introduction to Hemostasis

Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
The three phases of hemostasis involve many clotting factors present in plasma and several substances released by platelets and injured tissue cells. It is a fast, localized, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Simple and Effective Procedure for Hemostasis in Mouse Arteries
05:34

Simple and Effective Procedure for Hemostasis in Mouse Arteries

Published on: November 28, 2025

Epistaxis.

Thomas O Gifford1, Richard R Orlandi

  • 1Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, 50 North Medical Drive, 3C120, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|April 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, affect 60% of people. This review covers causes, nasal anatomy, and effective treatments for nosebleeds, from simple packing to surgical interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Vascular Anatomy
  • Medical Treatments

Background:

  • Epistaxis (nosebleeds) is a prevalent condition with a 60% lifetime incidence.
  • Nosebleeds vary significantly in severity, from minor to life-threatening hemorrhages.
  • Recurrent or severe epistaxis necessitates investigation for underlying conditions like bleeding disorders or neoplasia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of epistaxis.
  • To detail nasal vascular anatomy and common etiologies of nosebleeds.
  • To discuss current and advanced treatment modalities for managing nasal bleeding.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epistaxis management.
  • Analysis of nasal vascular supply and common bleeding sources.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Simple and Effective Procedure for Hemostasis in Mouse Arteries
05:34

Simple and Effective Procedure for Hemostasis in Mouse Arteries

Published on: November 28, 2025

  • Evaluation of various treatment strategies, including conservative and interventional approaches.
  • Main Results:

    • Effective treatments for epistaxis are numerous, often requiring multimodal approaches.
    • Otolaryngologists must be adept at managing severe or refractory bleeding.
    • Biomaterials and minimally invasive surgical techniques offer advanced options for epistaxis control.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding nasal vascular anatomy is crucial for effective epistaxis management.
    • A range of treatments, from medications to surgical interventions, are available for nosebleeds.
    • This review synthesizes current knowledge on epistaxis causes and treatments for otolaryngologists.