Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Genital Herpes01:23

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
Herpes01:28

Herpes

Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Relationship between Ergothioneine, Allantoin and Neocortical Amyloid Load.

Aging and disease·2026
Same author

Room-temperature synthesis of crystalline one-dimensional covalent organic frameworks.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

Forensic 3D avatars - AI-assisted injury detection and interactive digital-twin visualization.

Forensic science, medicine, and pathology·2026
Same author

Efficient selective hydrogenation of phenylacetylene over an intermetallic Ni-Sb catalyst.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2025
Same author

The status quo of the development of decentralized clinical trials.

Frontiers in medicine·2025
Same author

Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic characteristics of a sustained-release formulation of ropivacaine (QP-6211) in healthy Chinese participants: a dose-escalation phase I clinical trial.

British journal of anaesthesia·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Utilizing the Antigen Capsid-Incorporation Strategy for the Development of Adenovirus Serotype 5-Vectored Vaccine Approaches
13:36

Utilizing the Antigen Capsid-Incorporation Strategy for the Development of Adenovirus Serotype 5-Vectored Vaccine Approaches

Published on: May 6, 2015

Multi-antigenic DNA immunization using herpes simplex virus type 2 genomic fragments.

Ralph P Braun1, Lichun Dong, Sarah Jerome

  • 1PowderJect Vaccines, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Human Vaccines
|April 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Novel subgenomic vaccines (SGVs) express multiple pathogen genes from native promoters. These DNA vaccines, including one for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2), show protective immune responses and therapeutic potential.

More Related Videos

Detection of the Genome and Transcripts of a Persistent DNA Virus in Neuronal Tissues by Fluorescent In situ Hybridization Combined with Immunostaining
13:22

Detection of the Genome and Transcripts of a Persistent DNA Virus in Neuronal Tissues by Fluorescent In situ Hybridization Combined with Immunostaining

Published on: January 23, 2014

Simultaneous Quantification of Anti-vector and Anti-transgene-Specific CD8+ T Cells Via MHC I Tetramer Staining After Vaccination with a Viral Vector
08:10

Simultaneous Quantification of Anti-vector and Anti-transgene-Specific CD8+ T Cells Via MHC I Tetramer Staining After Vaccination with a Viral Vector

Published on: November 28, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Utilizing the Antigen Capsid-Incorporation Strategy for the Development of Adenovirus Serotype 5-Vectored Vaccine Approaches
13:36

Utilizing the Antigen Capsid-Incorporation Strategy for the Development of Adenovirus Serotype 5-Vectored Vaccine Approaches

Published on: May 6, 2015

Detection of the Genome and Transcripts of a Persistent DNA Virus in Neuronal Tissues by Fluorescent In situ Hybridization Combined with Immunostaining
13:22

Detection of the Genome and Transcripts of a Persistent DNA Virus in Neuronal Tissues by Fluorescent In situ Hybridization Combined with Immunostaining

Published on: January 23, 2014

Simultaneous Quantification of Anti-vector and Anti-transgene-Specific CD8+ T Cells Via MHC I Tetramer Staining After Vaccination with a Viral Vector
08:10

Simultaneous Quantification of Anti-vector and Anti-transgene-Specific CD8+ T Cells Via MHC I Tetramer Staining After Vaccination with a Viral Vector

Published on: November 28, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Vaccinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Traditional DNA vaccines often use heterologous promoters for gene expression.
  • Developing vaccines expressing multiple antigens from a single construct presents commercialization advantages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel subgenomic vaccines (SGVs) expressing multiple pathogen genes from their native promoters.
  • To evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of SGVs against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2).

Main Methods:

  • Genomic fragments encoding antigens and regulatory regions were used to create SGVs.
  • Particle-mediated epidermal delivery (PMED) was employed for vaccine administration in mice.
  • Immune responses and protection against lethal HSV-2 challenge were assessed.

Main Results:

  • SGVs derived from HSV-2 induced specific immune responses and protected mice from lethal HSV-2 challenge.
  • A second-generation SGV (SGV-H2) demonstrated multi-antigenic responses and therapeutic potential in mice.
  • SGV-H2 efficacy was comparable to standard single-plasmid vaccines and could be enhanced by adjuvants like E. coli heat labile toxin (LT) or cholera toxin (CT).

Conclusions:

  • SGVs represent a novel DNA vaccine platform capable of expressing multiple genes from native promoters.
  • HSV-2 SGVs demonstrate immunogenicity and protective efficacy, offering a promising approach for vaccine development.
  • The SGV platform holds potential for commercialization and therapeutic applications, particularly for complex pathogens.