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Related Concept Videos

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the timing and level of...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing02:41

Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) in Mouse T-cell Lines
11:39

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) in Mouse T-cell Lines

Published on: June 17, 2017

RNAi and chromatin in T cell development and function.

Matthias Merkenschlager1, Christopher B Wilson

  • 1Lymphocyte Development Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK. matthias.merkenschlager@csc.mrc.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Immunology
|April 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small noncoding RNAs, like siRNAs and miRNAs, regulate gene expression by altering chromatin structure and impacting mRNA. Recent advances allow genome-wide mapping of chromatin, revealing miRNA roles in immune system development and function.

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RNA-Associated Chromatin DNA-DNA Interaction Method
11:01

RNA-Associated Chromatin DNA-DNA Interaction Method

Published on: April 30, 2026

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) in Mouse T-cell Lines
11:39

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) in Mouse T-cell Lines

Published on: June 17, 2017

RNA-Associated Chromatin DNA-DNA Interaction Method
11:01

RNA-Associated Chromatin DNA-DNA Interaction Method

Published on: April 30, 2026

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Small noncoding RNAs, including siRNAs and miRNAs, are key gene expression regulators.
  • These molecules function at both transcriptional (chromatin structure) and post-transcriptional (mRNA stability, translation) levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight recent advancements in mapping chromatin structure and associated factors.
  • To showcase the impact of microRNAs on immune system development and function.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide chromatin structure mapping techniques.
  • Analysis of microRNA functions in immunological contexts.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in understanding chromatin organization and associated factors.
  • Demonstration of specific microRNA involvement in immune system processes.

Conclusions:

  • Small noncoding RNAs play multifaceted roles in gene regulation.
  • Advances in genomic technologies are crucial for dissecting gene regulation and immune function.