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Related Concept Videos

Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
06:39

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants

Published on: June 13, 2021

Risk factors for postpartum depression: a retrospective investigation.

Sarah J Breese McCoy1, J Martin Beal, Barbara Saunders

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences and College of Osteopathic Medicine and Surgery, Tulsa 74107-1898, USA. sjmccoy98@aol.com

The Journal of Reproductive Medicine
|April 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A history of depression and smoking are significant risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD). Further research is needed to identify other PPD risk factors for early intervention.

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Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents
07:30

Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents

Published on: June 10, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
06:39

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants

Published on: June 13, 2021

Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents
07:30

Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents

Published on: June 10, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Postpartum depression (PPD) affects many mothers.
  • Identifying risk factors is crucial for prevention and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between PPD incidence and various maternal factors.
  • To examine patient chart data collected at the 4-week postnatal visit.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 588 women who gave birth between June 2003 and June 2004.
  • Data collected from three university clinics in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
  • Analysis of factors including age, breastfeeding, smoking, marital status, prior depression, and delivery type.

Main Results:

  • A history of depression was a significant risk factor for PPD.
  • Current smoking was also identified as a significant risk factor for PPD.
  • An Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of 13 or higher indicated probable PPD.

Conclusions:

  • Prior depression history and smoking are confirmed risk factors for PPD.
  • Further large-scale studies are warranted to identify additional risk factors.
  • Findings support the need for prophylactic patient education and intervention strategies.