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Oops!.. I did it again: an ERP and behavioral study of double-errors.

Greg Hajcak1, Robert F Simons

  • 1Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2500, USA. greg.hajcak@stonybrook.edu

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Summary

Investigating double errors in action monitoring reveals that while neural signals remain normal, subsequent errors show reduced reaction time adjustments. This suggests distinct failures in response monitoring mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Previous research on action monitoring failures primarily analyzed correct trials surrounding errors.
  • Neural (Error-Related Negativity, Pe) and behavioral (post-error slowing) measures are key indicators.
  • The impact of consecutive errors on response monitoring remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neural and behavioral indices during double-error sequences.
  • To determine if double errors result from undetected first errors or reduced post-error adjustments.
  • To elucidate distinct types of response monitoring failures.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) event-related potentials (ERPs) and reaction time (RT) data.
  • Focus on double-error sequences, examining trials preceding and following consecutive errors.
  • Comparison of neural and behavioral data in double-error trials versus single-error trials.

Main Results:

  • Normal Error-Related Negativity (ERN) and Pe amplitudes were observed around double errors.
  • Errors following other errors exhibited significantly reduced post-error reaction time slowing.
  • These findings suggest a dissociation between neural error detection and behavioral adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • Double-error sequences provide unique insights into response monitoring.
  • Reduced post-error slowing after consecutive errors indicates impaired behavioral adjustment, not necessarily failed error detection.
  • This highlights the complexity of action monitoring and potential subtypes of monitoring failures.