Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples
Published on: January 21, 2018
Dynamics of early phase congestion after nasal allergen provocation
Tomasz Gotlib1, Bolesław Samoliński, Antoni Grzanka
1Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. gotlib@amwaw.edu.pl
Background:
It is generally accepted that congestion during the nasal provocation is most pronounced at about 15 minutes after allergen application. However, it may reach its peak at a different time. This can cause inaccurate assessment of the nasal challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of early phase congestion during nasal allergen provocation (NPT) and its reproducibility.
Methods:
Two nasal allergen challenges were performed in 26 allergic rhinitis volunteers. Acoustic Rhinometry measurements were recorded beJbre, and then every 5 minutes/for 30 minutes after the allergen application. The sum of cross-sectional areas at the level of the head of inferior nasal turbinate (CSA-2) of both nasal passages was analyzed.
Results:
The mean time to the occurrence of maximum congestion was 20 minutes. The maximum congestion differed significantly from that recorded at 10, 15 and 20 minutes. The observed patterns of congestive response were not consistent, with inter- and intra-individual differences regarding the time to maximum congestion. Percentage change in airway dimension recorded at the maximum congestion was found the least variable.
Conclusions:
Evaluation of the maximum congestion pattern during the NPT gives more accurate data compared to a single measurement of nasal patency.
Related Concept Videos
Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants
Most decongestants are readily available over-the-counter in various...
Asthma I: Introduction
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Allergic Reactions
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
