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Roots, nitrogen transformations, and ecosystem services.

Louise E Jackson1, Martin Burger, Timothy R Cavagnaro

  • 1Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA. lejackson@ucdavis.edu

Annual Review of Plant Biology
|May 1, 2008
PubMed
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Roots play a crucial role in the soil nitrogen (N) cycle, influencing ecosystem N retention. Understanding these plant-microbe-soil interactions is key to sustainable agriculture and ecosystem services.

Area of Science:

  • Soil Science
  • Ecology
  • Plant Biology

Background:

  • Nitrogen (N) is a vital nutrient for plant growth and ecosystem function.
  • Roots are central to soil N cycling, influencing N availability and retention.
  • Understanding root-mediated N processes is crucial for ecosystem management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mechanistic processes involving roots in the soil nitrogen cycle.
  • To explore implications for ecological functions that retain N within ecosystems.
  • To propose strategies for manipulating N cycling and retention for ecosystem services.

Main Methods:

  • Review of mechanistic processes of root involvement in soil N cycling.
  • Integration of information on plant-microbe-soil N processes across scales.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Emphasis on agricultural systems, N deposition, and elevated CO2 effects.

    • Main Results:

    • Root signaling pathways regulate N transport and uptake.
    • Mycorrhizal and Rhizobium/legume symbioses involve tradeoffs in N acquisition.
    • Soil factors and rhizosphere processes influence N supply, cycling, and retention.
    • Priming effects and soil food web interactions enhance N cycling and retention.

    Conclusions:

    • Multiscale approaches are needed to understand and manipulate N cycling.
    • Better manipulation of plant-microbe-soil N processes can enhance ecosystem services.
    • Increasing human dependence on biologically based N supply is essential for sustainability.