Primary cutaneous actinomycosis: a rare soft tissue infection

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Bacteriology
• Dermatology

Background:

• Actinomycosis is a chronic, suppurative infection caused by endogenous Gram-positive bacteria (Actinomyces spp.).
• Common infection sites include the head, neck, thorax, and abdomen, typically arising from endogenous sources.
• Primary cutaneous actinomycosis is rare and often linked to trauma or ischemia.

Observation:

• A case of primary cutaneous actinomycosis on the thigh is presented in a 30-year-old male patient.
• The infection originated from an injection wound, leading to multiple discharging sinuses.
• Clinical analysis of wound material confirmed the presence of Actinomyces via smears and cultures.

Findings:

• Diagnosis of primary cutaneous actinomycosis of the thigh was established.
• The patient's infection was successfully treated.
• Treatment involved a combination of surgical resection and antibiotic therapy.

Implications:

• This case highlights the possibility of primary cutaneous actinomycosis developing in unusual locations like the thigh, even after minor trauma.
• Prompt diagnosis and combined therapeutic approach (surgery and antibiotics) are crucial for successful management.
• Further research may elucidate the specific pathogenesis and risk factors for exogenous inoculation in primary cutaneous actinomycosis.