Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a...
Cardiovascular Drugs: Classification based on Therapeutic Indications01:18

Cardiovascular Drugs: Classification based on Therapeutic Indications

Cardiovascular diseases, encompassing a range of conditions, can significantly affect the heart's operations and the overall circulatory system. These conditions impair the heart's ability to pump blood, leading to a deficit in oxygen supply to crucial organs. Anomalies in the heart's electrical system, known as arrhythmias, can cause heartbeats to accelerate or slow down. Usually, heart rates increase during physical activity and decrease while resting or sleeping. However, frequent irregular...
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
Alterations in Blood Pressure01:30

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart beats)...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Endothelial Arf6 sustains electrical signaling and cerebral blood flow in mice through PIP<sub>2</sub>-dependent activation of Kir2.1 channels.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Electromechanical Dynamics and Myogenic Responses in Cerebral Smooth Muscle Cells and Capillary Pericytes.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Electro-Calcium uncoupling precedes neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Endothelial Arf6 sustains capillary electrical signaling and cerebral blood flow through PIP<sub>2</sub> regeneration and activation of Kir2.1 channels.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of CRD-740, a PDE9 Inhibitor, in Chronic Heart Failure.

JACC. Heart failure·2025
Same author

Adenosine and acute low oxygen conditions suppress urinary bladder contractility through the activation of adenosine 2B receptors and large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels.

The Journal of physiology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

High-Throughput Bioprinting Method for Modeling Vascular Permeability in Standard Six-well Plates with Size and Pattern Flexibility
07:41

High-Throughput Bioprinting Method for Modeling Vascular Permeability in Standard Six-well Plates with Size and Pattern Flexibility

Published on: August 16, 2024

High blood pressure arising from a defect in vascular function.

Simon K Michael1, Howard K Surks, Yuepeng Wang

  • 1Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A mutation in PKGIalpha causes vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction, leading to high blood pressure. This suggests primary vascular abnormalities, not kidney issues, can cause hypertension.

More Related Videos

Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography
07:25

Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography

Published on: June 7, 2013

Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues
08:41

Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues

Published on: June 3, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

High-Throughput Bioprinting Method for Modeling Vascular Permeability in Standard Six-well Plates with Size and Pattern Flexibility
07:41

High-Throughput Bioprinting Method for Modeling Vascular Permeability in Standard Six-well Plates with Size and Pattern Flexibility

Published on: August 16, 2024

Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography
07:25

Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography

Published on: June 7, 2013

Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues
08:41

Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues

Published on: June 3, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Hypertension is a major global cardiovascular risk factor with largely unexplained etiology.
  • Vascular tone, critical for blood pressure, is regulated by nitric oxide signaling via cGMP and PKGI.
  • Current understanding often links hypertension to primary renal abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of PKGIalpha in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) function and blood pressure regulation.
  • To determine if primary VSMC abnormalities can cause hypertension independently of renal dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Generation and analysis of mice with a selective mutation in the N-terminal protein interaction domain of PKGIalpha.
  • Assessment of vascular smooth muscle cell contraction and relaxation in large and resistance blood vessels.
  • Evaluation of systemic blood pressure, renal function, and response to dietary sodium changes in mutant mice.

Main Results:

  • PKGIalpha mutant mice exhibited inherited VSMC abnormalities in contraction and impaired vascular relaxation.
  • Mutant mice displayed increased systemic blood pressure.
  • Renal function and sodium sensitivity remained normal in PKGIalpha mutant mice.

Conclusions:

  • PKGIalpha is essential for normal VSMC physiology and vascular tone regulation.
  • Primary abnormalities in VSMC contractile regulation can lead to hypertension.
  • Findings suggest novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.