Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Male Sexual Response: Erection & Ejaculation01:17

Male Sexual Response: Erection & Ejaculation

Sexual stimulation can take various forms, such as physical touch and visual or auditory cues. When this happens, the parasympathetic reflex in the sacral portion of the spinal cord is activated. This reflex stimulates the release of nitric oxide (NO), which then dilates the arterioles in the penis, increasing blood flow to the erectile tissues - the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum.
The blood filling the erectile tissues compresses the veins, which helps to prevent blood from leaving...
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Genital01:23

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Genital

The genital stage is the final phase of Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development, beginning at puberty, around age 12. During this stage, sexual energy shifts from self-focused interests to external individuals, marking the development of mature adult sexuality. Freud saw this phase as a time of sexual reawakening, with desires directed toward others outside the family. A healthy transition into this stage, according to Freud, signifies the emergence of two key aspects of adult...
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Latency01:16

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Latency

Following the phallic stage in Freud's theory of psychosexual development, children enter a phase called the latency period, which lasts from approximately six to twelve years of age. Unlike earlier stages, where sexual impulses played a central role, Freud believed these impulses are repressed during the latency period, becoming part of the unconscious. This stage is often described as a time of psychological calm after the turbulence of the phallic stage.
The latency period is not considered...
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Phallic01:12

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Phallic

The third stage of psychosexual development proposed by Freud is the phallic stage, occurring between the ages of 3 and 6. During this period, children become aware of their bodies and the differences between males and females. The erogenous zone in this stage is the genitals, and conflicts arise as children develop desires toward the opposite-sex parent. Boys experience the Oedipus complex, where they desire their mother and view their father as a rival. This leads to castration anxiety, the...
Psychosexual Theory of Development01:14

Psychosexual Theory of Development

Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory of development suggests that early childhood experiences significantly shape personality and behavior. Freud proposed that development is discontinuous, occurring in five distinct stages, each defined by a focus on different erogenous zones. He believed that failure to resolve the conflicts specific to each stage successfully could result in fixation, potentially influencing behavior as adults.
The Five Stages of Psychosexual Development
Freud's psychosexual...
Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus01:15

Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus

Development of the reproductive organs in an embryo starts from a bipotential state. This means the early embryo can develop either male or female reproductive organs. The formation of these organs begins with the growth of gonadal ridges that arise from the intermediate mesoderm during the fifth week of development.
Near the gonadal ridges, two duct systems are present: the mesonephric ducts (Wolffian ducts) and paramesonephric ducts (Müllerian ducts). These ducts form the basis for the male...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Importance of abortion training to residency program applicants: A national survey of OBGYN residents.

Contraception·2026
Same author

Symptoms and subtypes of patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction - insights from the Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network.

Nature reviews. Urology·2026
Same author

Self-care Pessary Management and Factors Associated With Long-Term Pessary Use.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same author

Prolapse phenotypes and 12-month postoperative prolapse recurrence after apical native tissue surgery: a combined analysis using multicenter randomized trials and registry data.

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology·2026
Same author

Resuscitation during robotic-assisted pelvic surgery: impact of simulation training and system-specific factors.

Journal of robotic surgery·2026
Same author

Pilot Implementation of a National, Web-Based Abortion Curriculum for Obstetrics-Gynecology Residents.

O&G open·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Microscopic Replantation of Penile Glans Amputation Due to Circumcision
07:28

Microscopic Replantation of Penile Glans Amputation Due to Circumcision

Published on: June 3, 2022

Sexual function 6 months after first delivery.

Linda Brubaker1, Victoria L Handa, Catherine S Bradley

  • 1Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153, USA. LBrubaker@lumc.edu

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|May 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Women with anal sphincter lacerations after childbirth are less likely to resume sexual activity by six months postpartum. This study explored postpartum sexual function in relation to delivery complications.

More Related Videos

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
04:22

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Treatment of Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction by Seminal Vesiculoscopy Assisted Flow Modification
03:51

Treatment of Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction by Seminal Vesiculoscopy Assisted Flow Modification

Published on: December 8, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Microscopic Replantation of Penile Glans Amputation Due to Circumcision
07:28

Microscopic Replantation of Penile Glans Amputation Due to Circumcision

Published on: June 3, 2022

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
04:22

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Treatment of Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction by Seminal Vesiculoscopy Assisted Flow Modification
03:51

Treatment of Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction by Seminal Vesiculoscopy Assisted Flow Modification

Published on: December 8, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Sexual Health
  • Pelvic Floor Disorders

Background:

  • Childbirth, particularly vaginal delivery with anal sphincter laceration, can impact postpartum recovery and well-being.
  • Sexual function is a crucial aspect of quality of life for postpartum women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between anal sphincter laceration and sexual function at six months postpartum.
  • To compare sexual activity and function across different delivery cohorts.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study (Childbirth and Pelvic Symptoms [CAPS] cohort) comparing three groups: vaginal delivery with severe laceration, vaginal delivery without severe laceration, and cesarean delivery.
  • Sexual function assessed using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence/Sexual Function Short Form Questionnaire (PISQ-12).

Main Results:

  • Ninety percent of women with partners reported sexual activity at six months postpartum.
  • Women with anal sphincter lacerations were significantly less likely to report sexual activity compared to those with vaginal delivery without laceration (88% vs. 94%, P=.028).
  • No significant difference in mean PISQ-12 scores was observed between delivery groups, but 36% of sexually active women reported pain during intercourse.

Conclusions:

  • Primiparous women experiencing anal sphincter laceration during delivery report lower rates of sexual activity at six months postpartum.
  • While overall sexual function scores may not differ, pain during sex is a common concern.
  • Further research is needed to understand the long-term impact of delivery trauma on postpartum sexual health.