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Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

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Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...

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Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics examine how genetic factors influence an individual's response to drugs. While pharmacogenetics focuses on the impact of specific genetic variants on drug effects, pharmacogenomics takes a broader approach, studying how genetic variation across populations contributes to differences in drug responses. These fields aim to explain why individuals may experience varying levels of efficacy or adverse reactions to the same medication.Variability in drug...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors

Published on: February 7, 2018

Toxicogenomics in biomarker discovery.

Marc F Decristofaro¹, Kellye K Daniels

¹Biomarker Development, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|May 2, 2008

Summary

Toxicogenomics, using gene expression profiling, aids in predicting compound toxicity and identifying biomarkers. This review explores methods for discovering toxicity biomarkers through gene expression analysis.

Area of Science:

Toxicology
Toxicogenomics
Gene Expression Profiling

Background:

Toxicogenomics utilizes genome-scale mRNA expression profiling to assess adverse xenobiotic exposure.
It is explored for compound triage, toxicity mechanism elucidation, and biomarker identification.
Current methods for toxicity prediction and mechanism discovery exist, but biomarker discovery lacks clear protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

To broadly discuss the issues and utility of applying toxicogenomics to biomarker discovery.
To highlight the potential of gene expression technologies in identifying toxicity biomarkers.
To review existing and potential approaches for toxicogenomic biomarker discovery.

Main Methods:

Analysis of large gene expression profile databases with in silico mining for differentially expressed genes.

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A High-throughput Assay for the Prediction of Chemical Toxicity by Automated Phenotypic Profiling of Caenorhabditis elegans

A High-throughput Assay for the Prediction of Chemical Toxicity by Automated Phenotypic Profiling of Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 14, 2019

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors

Published on: February 7, 2018

A High-throughput Assay for the Prediction of Chemical Toxicity by Automated Phenotypic Profiling of Caenorhabditis elegans

A High-throughput Assay for the Prediction of Chemical Toxicity by Automated Phenotypic Profiling of Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 14, 2019

Examination of preclinical study gene expression data to identify genes correlating with or preceding pathology.

Direct gene expression profiling on blood samples from preclinical studies or clinical trials for noninvasive biomarker discovery.

Main Results:

Toxicogenomics offers multiple avenues for biomarker discovery, including database mining and analysis of preclinical/clinical data.
Identification of coincident and leading biomarkers is possible through gene expression analysis.
Noninvasive biomarker discovery is feasible via gene expression profiling of blood samples.

Conclusions:

Toxicogenomics presents a powerful approach for advancing toxicity testing and drug development.
Standardized methods for toxicogenomic biomarker discovery are needed.
Further research is warranted to fully leverage toxicogenomics for identifying predictive and diagnostic biomarkers.