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Related Concept Videos

Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...
Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the stimulus...
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development01:14

Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development

The sensorimotor stage, the initial phase of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, spans the first two years of a child's life. During this period, infants actively engage with their surroundings, building cognitive awareness through direct interaction with the world. This interaction is primarily based on sensory perception and motor actions, allowing infants to gradually understand basic physical properties and predict how objects interact within their environment.
Exploration...
Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback
05:43

Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback

Published on: May 23, 2019

Young children do not integrate visual and haptic form information.

Monica Gori1, Michela Del Viva, Giulio Sandini

  • 1Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy.

Current Biology : CB
|May 3, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children under 8 years old poorly integrate visual and haptic information. By 8-10 years, this crossmodal integration becomes optimal, similar to adults, aiding perceptual development.

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Investigating the Effect of Visual Imagery and Learning Shape-Audio Regularities on Bouba and Kiki
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Investigating the Effect of Visual Imagery and Learning Shape-Audio Regularities on Bouba and Kiki

Published on: September 13, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback
05:43

Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback

Published on: May 23, 2019

Investigating the Effect of Visual Imagery and Learning Shape-Audio Regularities on Bouba and Kiki
07:31

Investigating the Effect of Visual Imagery and Learning Shape-Audio Regularities on Bouba and Kiki

Published on: September 13, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Developmental psychology
  • Sensory integration
  • Perception

Background:

  • Adults optimally integrate multisensory information, weighting each sense by reliability.
  • The developmental trajectory of crossmodal integration remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental emergence of visual-haptic integration in children.
  • To determine the age at which children achieve statistically optimal crossmodal integration.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed visual and haptic spatial information integration in children of various ages.
  • Measured discrimination thresholds for size and orientation to evaluate sense reliability.
  • Compared children's integration performance to adult benchmarks.

Main Results:

  • Children under 8 years showed suboptimal integration, with vision or touch dominating regardless of reliability.
  • Haptic information dominated size perception, while vision dominated orientation perception in younger children.
  • By 8-10 years of age, children demonstrated statistically optimal visual-haptic integration.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal crossmodal integration develops around 8-10 years of age.
  • Cross-sensory comparison is crucial for perceptual system recalibration during development.
  • Early reliance on a single sense may hinder effective multisensory combination.