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Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous capillaries...
Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma happens...
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

Lupus nephritis in children.

Farkhanda Hafeez1, Abid Mahmood Tarar, Rashid Saleem

  • 1Department of Nephrology, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore,Pakistan. drfarkh@hotmail.com

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|May 3, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Lupus nephritis in children commonly presents with diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis. Early immunosuppressive therapy effectively controls this condition in most pediatric nephrology patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Lupus nephritis is a severe renal complication of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).
  • Understanding the clinicopathological patterns in pediatric patients is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the clinicopathological pattern of lupus nephritis in pediatric nephrology patients.
  • To analyze the histological lesions, clinical manifestations, and treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A case series study was conducted in a pediatric nephrology department over five years.
  • Twenty-six pediatric patients (up to 16 years) with primary SLE and renal involvement were included.
  • Percutaneous renal biopsies were performed, and histological lesions were classified using WHO criteria.

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The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice
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The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: November 1, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice
12:04

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: November 1, 2015

Main Results:

  • Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis was the most common histological lesion (n=14), followed by membranous nephropathy (n=6).
  • Edema (80.76%) and hypertension (46.15%) were the most frequent clinical manifestations.
  • Proteinuria was universal (100%), while azotemia occurred in 19.33% of patients. Disease control was achieved in 73.07% with immunosuppressive therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis is the predominant histological finding in pediatric lupus nephritis in this cohort.
  • Renal involvement typically manifests within two years of SLE onset and is manageable with immunosuppressive therapy.