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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory Volumes01:15

Respiratory Volumes

Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids01:26

COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids

Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management01:29

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management

Managing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a multifaceted approach to reduce symptoms, prevent exacerbations, improve overall health status, and slow disease progression. Key strategies include lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, supportive therapies, and, in some cases, surgery. Here is an overview of the primary COPD management strategies:
Smoking Cessation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

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Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Robotic-assisted Left Pneumonectomy For Vanishing Lung Syndrome
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Published on: January 23, 2026

Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction in severe emphysema.

Edward P Ingenito1, Douglas E Wood, James P Utz

  • 1Brigham and Women's Hospital, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, MA 02115, USA. eingenito@partners.org

Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society
|May 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Nonsurgical bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) offers potential alternatives to surgery for advanced emphysema. While generally safe, current BLVR methods show smaller, less durable benefits than traditional lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS).

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Interventional Pulmonology
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) provides benefits for advanced emphysema but carries significant risks and costs.
  • Development of less invasive, nonsurgical alternatives for lung volume reduction is a critical unmet need.
  • Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction (BLVR) techniques have emerged as promising alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status and potential of three main bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) approaches.
  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy signals of these emerging BLVR techniques compared to traditional LVRS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical data from later-stage trials of three BLVR approaches.
  • Technique 1: Endobronchial one-way valves for atelectasis induction.
  • Technique 2: Radiofrequency catheter for airway bypass tract formation.
  • Technique 3: Biological adhesives for lung remodeling.

Main Results:

  • All three BLVR techniques demonstrate reasonable safety profiles in current data.
  • Efficacy signals are notably smaller and less durable compared to established LVRS.
  • Ongoing studies are crucial for optimizing patient selection and treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) presents a potentially safer alternative to LVRS for select emphysema patients.
  • Further research is required to confirm long-term effectiveness and refine these innovative procedures.
  • Future results will determine if BLVR can become a viable alternative to surgical lung volume reduction.