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Microplot Design and Plant and Soil Sample Preparation for 15Nitrogen Analysis
Published on: May 10, 2020
Field evaluation of nitrogen availability from fresh and composted manure
Gabriela R Muñoz1, Keith A Kelling, Karen E Rylant
1Department of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1525 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Journal of Environmental Quality
|May 6, 2008
Summary
Manure nitrogen availability for crops varies significantly with processing. Less processed manures and composted poultry manure offer greater nitrogen over two years compared to composted cow manure. The pre-sidedress soil nitrogen test (PSNT) effectively predicts crop nitrogen needs.
Area of Science:
- Agronomy
- Soil Science
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Efficient nitrogen (N) management is crucial for crop production and environmental protection.
- Understanding manure N availability is key for sustainable agricultural practices.
- The pre-sidedress soil N test (PSNT) is a tool for optimizing N application.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate first-year and residual N availability from various processed manures.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of the PSNT in fields amended with different manures.
- To assess the impact of manure processing on N availability for corn (Zea mays L.).
Main Methods:
- Field study comparing fresh, dried, and composted poultry manure, and composted cow manure.
- Application of different N rates, including ammonium nitrate and no N controls.
- Measurement of crop yield, N uptake, and application of the PSNT.
Main Results:
- Poultry manures significantly increased corn yields, while composted cow manure did not significantly differ from controls.
- Average first-year N availability was 57% (fresh poultry), 53% (dried poultry), 14% (composted poultry), and 4% (composted cow).
- The PSNT accurately identified N-sufficient sites with 87% correctness at a critical value of 24 mg kg(-1).
Conclusions:
- Nitrogen availability is higher in less processed manures and composted poultry manure compared to composted cow manure.
- Producers must consider manure source and compost stability for nutrient management.
- The PSNT is a reliable tool for guiding N fertilization decisions in diverse cropping systems.
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