Orem and the nursing process: new directions for the 1990s.

Area of Science:

• Nursing Theory
• Healthcare Practice

Background:

• Orem's Nursing: Concepts of Practice, 4th edition, introduces new insights.
• The model aims for greater accessibility for practitioners.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of Orem's current thinking on the nursing process.
• To identify similarities between Orem's model and the generally understood nursing process.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of Orem's fourth edition of Nursing: Concepts of Practice.
• Comparison of Orem's nursing process concepts with standard nursing process terminology (assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation).

Main Results:

• Orem's model now emphasizes health promotion, care of dependents (especially children), and environmental 'green' issues.
• The nursing process in Orem's model is reformulated using familiar terms: assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
• Orem's model shows similarities to the widely accepted nursing process.

Conclusions:

• Orem's updated model is more accessible and practical for nurses.
• The reformulation of the nursing process aids student and qualified nurses in applying Orem's theory.
• The article highlights the relevance of Orem's work to contemporary nursing practice.