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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

The Establishment of a Murine Mandibular Molar Extraction Socket Healing Model
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Dense hydroxyapatite inserted into postextraction sockets: a histologic and histomorphometric 20-year case report.

Carlo Mangano1, Adriano Piattelli, Vittoria Perrotti

  • 1Department of Biomaterials Science, Dental School, University of Varese, Varese, Italy.

Journal of Periodontology
|May 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Dense hydroxyapatite (HA) particles used in postextraction sockets showed excellent long-term stability after 20 years. Histological analysis revealed intimate bone-to-biomaterial binding, indicating successful alveolar ridge preservation with HA.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Implantology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Assessing the long-term biological behavior of hydroxyapatite (HA) is crucial for clinical applications.
  • This study evaluates dense HA degradation over 20 years in postextraction sockets using histologic and histomorphometric methods.

Observation:

  • Dense HA particles were implanted in postextraction alveolar sockets for ridge height maintenance.
  • After 20 years, bone and HA tissue were harvested during implant surgery for analysis.
  • Histological examination showed bone in close contact with HA particles, with no gaps or fibrous tissue at the interface.

Findings:

  • 56% of HA particles were partially surrounded by bone, and 39% were completely surrounded.
  • Bone constituted 25.4% of the analyzed tissue, marrow spaces 41.3%, and residual HA particles 38.1%.

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

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  • The outer layer of some HA particles showed minor detachment, but overall particle integrity was maintained.

    • Implications:

    • Intimate bone-HA particle binding after 20 years suggests excellent long-term stability.
    • Dense HA demonstrates promising potential for successful alveolar ridge augmentation and preservation.
    • These findings support the use of HA as a reliable bone graft material in dentistry.