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Related Concept Videos

Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
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Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
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Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
26:48

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: July 4, 2007

Rasmussen encephalitis.

Nuzhat Noureen1, Muhammad Tariq Rana, Khalid Abbas Bukhari

  • 1Department of Paediatric Neurology, Children Hospital Complex and ICH, Multan. drnuzhattariq270@yahoomail.com

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|May 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rasmussen encephalitis is a rare childhood brain disease. This case highlights its progressive nature, showing seizures and paralysis in a young boy, confirmed by EEG and MRI findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Rasmussen encephalitis is a rare, progressive gray matter disease affecting children.
  • It typically manifests with unilateral neurological deficits and intractable epilepsy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of Rasmussen encephalitis in a 4-year-old boy.
  • To illustrate the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 4-year-old boy with neurological symptoms.
  • Electroencephalogram (EEG) to assess brain electrical activity.
  • Serial Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to evaluate brain structure changes.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with recurrent status epilepticus and progressive left-sided hemiplegia.
  • EEG revealed focal discharges originating from the right cerebral hemisphere.
  • Serial MRI demonstrated progressive atrophy of the right cerebral hemisphere and ipsilateral ventricular dilatation.

Conclusions:

  • This case underscores the characteristic progression of Rasmussen encephalitis.
  • Early diagnosis and monitoring through EEG and MRI are crucial for managing this rare condition.