Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Signs of Puberty

Signs of Puberty

Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...

Sleep Apnea

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...

Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract

Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract

The upper respiratory tract plays a vital role in the respiratory system, comprising several structures that facilitate air intake and prepare air for the lungs. It also serves as the first line of defense against pathogens and particles. This tract includes the nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx, each with specific functions and features.
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract.

Stages of Sleep

Stages of Sleep

Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...

Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway

Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway

In preparing for oropharyngeal airway suctioning, a nurse must gather all necessary equipment, including a suction unit with tubing, a prepackaged suction kit, sterile gloves, water or saline for irrigation, a water-soluble lubricant, and additional personal protective equipment (such as a gown, mask, and goggles) to control infections.
After assembling the equipment, the nurse should practice hand hygiene and don appropriate PPE according to infection control guidelines to avoid the...

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Identification of cardiovascular disease in patients with kidney stone disease using explainable machine learning.

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine·2026

Same author

Growth differentiation factor-15 and the incidence, bidirectional progression, and risk prediction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-3.

Cardiovascular diabetology·2026

Same author

Serological epidemiology of hepatitis B virus and vaccine-induced immune dynamics in 58,169 children in Wuhan, China (2019-2025): a cross-sectional analysis of waning immunity and adolescent susceptibility.

Virology journal·2026

Same author

Clinical Presentation and Outcomes of Insulinomas in Pediatric Patients.

Hormone research in paediatrics·2026

Same author

Geometry of the proximal femur during growth and its contribution to childhood fractures in healthy children.

Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·2026

Same author

Supramolecular dynamic hydrogels loaded with bevacizumab nanoparticles promote hyaline cartilage regeneration by inhibiting angiogenesis.

Acta biomaterialia·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Image Acquisition using Portable Sonography for Emergency Airway Management

Image Acquisition using Portable Sonography for Emergency Airway Management

Published on: September 28, 2022

Puberty and upper airway dynamics during sleep.

Preetam Bandla¹, Jingtao Huang, Laurie Karamessinis

¹Sleep Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, PA 19104, USA.

|May 7, 2008

Summary

Upper airway function declines with age, not pubertal stage. This suggests sex hormones do not significantly alter airway response during puberty. Age-related changes in breathing drive may be responsible.

More Related Videos

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

Published on: August 2, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Image Acquisition using Portable Sonography for Emergency Airway Management

Image Acquisition using Portable Sonography for Emergency Airway Management

Published on: September 28, 2022

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

Published on: August 2, 2017

Area of Science:

Physiology
Respiratory Medicine
Pediatric Development

Background:

Upper airway compensatory response to negative pressure decreases with age.
Obstructive sleep apnea epidemiology suggests sex hormones influence upper airway function.
Sex hormone levels change significantly during puberty.

Purpose of the Study:

To test if upper airway response to negative pressure loading decreases with pubertal development (Tanner stage) in males but remains stable in females.
To investigate the role of sex hormones in modulating upper airway function during puberty.

Main Methods:

Measured upper airway dynamic function during sleep throughout puberty in healthy individuals (Tanner stages 1-5).
Assessed maximal inspiratory airflow and calculated the upstream pressure-flow relationship (SPF) under varying nasal pressure.
Correlated SPF with age and Tanner stage.

Main Results:

SPF showed a correlation with age and Tanner stage.
This correlation with Tanner stage became non-significant after accounting for age.
Females exhibited a lower SPF compared to males.

Conclusions:

Upper airway response to negative pressure decreases with age, independent of pubertal development.
Sex hormones are unlikely to be the primary factor influencing upper airway function changes from childhood to adulthood.
Age-related decline in ventilatory drive may reduce upper airway neuromotor tone, affecting function.