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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers

Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
Nomenclature of Alkynes02:39

Nomenclature of Alkynes

Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of carbon-carbon triple bonds and have a general formula CnH2n-2. The nomenclature of alkynes follows a set of rules similar to alkanes and alkenes; however, alkynes bear the suffix "-yne" instead of "-ane" or "-ene." There are two approaches to naming alkynes:
Structure and Physical Properties of Alkynes02:37

Structure and Physical Properties of Alkynes

Introduction:
In nature, compounds containing both carbon and hydrogen are known as "hydrocarbons". Aliphatic hydrocarbons are compounds whose molecules contain saturated single bonds (i.e., alkanes) or unsaturated double or triple bonds. Alkenes contain carbon–carbon double bonds and have a structural formula CnH2n. Unsaturated hydrocarbons containing carbon–carbon triple bonds are called "alkynes" and are structurally represented by the formula CnH2n-2.
The simplest alkyne is ethyne, or...
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
Crown Ethers02:36

Crown Ethers

Crown ethers are cyclic polyethers that contain multiple oxygen atoms, usually arranged in a regular pattern. The first crown ether was synthesized by Charles Pederson while working at DuPont in 1967. For this work, Pedersen was co-awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Crown ethers are named using the formula x-crown-y, where x is the total number of atoms in the ring and y is the number of ether oxygen atoms. The term 'crown' refers to the crown-like shape that these ether molecules take.
Pericyclic Reactions: Introduction01:17

Pericyclic Reactions: Introduction

Pericyclic reactions are organic reactions that occur via a concerted mechanism without generating any intermediates. The reactions proceed through the movement of electrons in a closed loop to form a cyclic transition state, where rearrangement of the σ and π bonds yields specific products.
Pericyclic reactions can be classified into three categories: electrocyclic reactions, cycloaddition reactions, and sigmatropic rearrangements. Electrocyclic reactions and sigmatropic rearrangements are...

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Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

Synthesis and solid-state structure of perfluorophenyl end-capped polyynes.

Jamie Kendall1, Robert McDonald, Michael J Ferguson

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton , Canada.

Organic Letters
|May 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Researchers synthesized novel polyyne building blocks with pentafluorophenyl groups. X-ray crystallography revealed their solid-state behavior driven by electrostatic interactions between phenyl and perfluorophenyl groups.

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
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Published on: February 24, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Organic Synthesis
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Polyynes are carbon-rich molecules with potential applications in materials science.
  • Pentafluorophenyl groups can influence molecular interactions and solid-state packing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize new polyyne-based supramolecular building blocks.
  • To investigate the solid-state behavior and intermolecular interactions of these novel compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of five new polyyne derivatives end-capped with pentafluorophenyl groups.
  • X-ray crystallographic analysis of selected compounds (7, 12, and 16.25) to determine solid-state structures.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of three symmetrical and two unsymmetrical polyynes.
  • X-ray crystallography confirmed the formation of specific solid-state arrangements.
  • Attractive electrostatic interactions between phenyl and perfluorophenyl groups were identified as key drivers of molecular packing.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized polyynes represent a new class of supramolecular building blocks.
  • Electrostatic interactions play a crucial role in dictating the solid-state architecture of these molecules.
  • These findings contribute to the understanding of structure-property relationships in polyyne-based materials.