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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:28

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents

Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
Adsorbents...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...

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Related Experiment Videos

Mosapride in gastrointestinal disorders.

Monique P Curran1, Dean M Robinson

  • 1Wolters Kluwer Health,Adis, Auckland, New Zealand. demail@adis.co.nz

Drugs
|May 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mosapride effectively treats gastrointestinal disorders like functional dyspepsia, showing benefits in gastric stasis and pain compared to some drugs. While generally effective, one study showed no significant difference versus placebo for overall symptom improvement.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Pharmacology
  • Clinical Therapeutics

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal disorders, including functional dyspepsia, chronic gastritis, and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, represent a significant clinical challenge.
  • Understanding the comparative efficacy of prokinetic agents is crucial for optimizing patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of mosapride in patients with various gastrointestinal disorders.
  • To compare mosapride's effectiveness against other therapeutic agents and placebo for functional dyspepsia symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and analysis of open-label and randomized controlled trials.
  • Inclusion of data from over 1000 patients across multiple studies.
  • Assessment of symptom improvement, including gastric stasis, pain, and overall well-being.

Main Results:

  • Mosapride demonstrated significant improvements in gastric stasis and pain compared to teprenone in functional dyspepsia patients.
  • Efficacy was comparable to famotidine and itopride, and superior to tandospirone for functional dyspepsia symptoms.
  • One randomized trial showed no significant difference in overall symptom improvement between mosapride and placebo.

Conclusions:

  • Mosapride is an effective treatment option for several gastrointestinal disorders, particularly functional dyspepsia.
  • The drug is generally well-tolerated, with a low incidence of adverse events such as diarrhea or dry mouth.
  • Further research may be needed to clarify its efficacy in all patient subgroups compared to placebo.