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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Functionalization of Ti Implants

Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Functionalization of Ti Implants

Published on: August 5, 2021

In vitro biocompatibility of equal channel angular processed (ECAP) titanium.

Taik Nam Kim¹, A Balakrishnan, B C Lee

¹Department of Information and Electronic Materials Engineering, Paichai University, Daejeon 302-735, Korea. tnkim@mail.pcu.ac.kr

Biomedical Materials (Bristol, England)

|May 7, 2008

Summary

Ultrafine grained titanium, processed via ECAP, demonstrates superior in vitro biocompatibility. This enhanced titanium promotes better cell adherence and proliferation compared to conventional titanium and alloys.

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

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Autologous Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Seeding Technology and Biocompatibility Testing For Cardiovascular Devices in Large Animal Model

Autologous Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Seeding Technology and Biocompatibility Testing For Cardiovascular Devices in Large Animal Model

Published on: September 9, 2011

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Materials Engineering
Cell Biology

Background:

Titanium and its alloys are widely used in biomedical implants due to their favorable mechanical properties.
Enhancing the biocompatibility of titanium is crucial for improving implant success rates and patient outcomes.
The processing route can significantly influence the microstructure and surface properties of titanium, impacting its biological interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the in vitro biocompatibility of ultrafine grained titanium prepared using the Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) route.
To compare the cellular response of ECAP-processed titanium with conventional Grade-2 Ti and Ti6Al4V alloy.
To elucidate the microstructural features contributing to enhanced biocompatibility.

Main Methods:

Preparation of ultrafine grained titanium using the ECAP technique.
In vitro cell culture studies using a mouse fibroblast cell line (3T3).
Assessment of cell adherence and cell proliferation on different titanium specimens.

Main Results:

ECAP-processed titanium exhibited significantly better cell adherence compared to Grade-2 Ti and Ti6Al4V.
Enhanced cell proliferation was observed on the ECAP titanium specimens.
Microstructural analysis suggested increased surface energy, grain boundary energy, and nano-scale surface structures in ECAP titanium.

Conclusions:

Ultrafine grained titanium produced by ECAP demonstrates improved in vitro biocompatibility.
The enhanced biocompatibility is likely due to unique surface characteristics and higher surface energy associated with the ultrafine grain structure.
ECAP processing presents a promising method for developing advanced titanium biomaterials with superior biological performance.