Central venous access: techniques and indications in oncology

Area of Science:

• Vascular Access
• Interventional Radiology
• Surgical Procedures

Background:

• Central venous catheters are crucial for long-term therapies, especially in cancer patients.
• Traditional insertion methods include vein cutdown and percutaneous puncture by various medical specialists.
• Patient factors like BMI and medical history significantly influence procedure success.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of radiological and surgical central venous catheter implantation techniques.
• To emphasize the role of imaging in procedure success and complication management.

Main Methods:

• Review of radiological and surgical implantation techniques for central venous access.
• Discussion of patient selection criteria and influencing factors.
• Highlighting the impact of medical imaging on feasibility and complication management.

Main Results:

• Central venous catheters can be inserted via central or peripheral veins to the atrial caval junction.
• Successful implantation depends on vein patency, patient status, and chosen technique.
• Imaging plays a vital role in guiding procedures and managing complications.

Conclusions:

• Both radiological and surgical techniques are viable for central venous catheter insertion.
• Patient assessment and appropriate technique selection are critical for successful outcomes.
• Advanced imaging modalities enhance the safety and efficacy of venous access procedures and complication management.