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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Through the Looking Glass: Time-lapse Microscopy and Longitudinal Tracking of Single Cells to Study Anti-cancer Therapeutics
06:00

Through the Looking Glass: Time-lapse Microscopy and Longitudinal Tracking of Single Cells to Study Anti-cancer Therapeutics

Published on: May 14, 2016

Novel cytotoxic agents: epothilones.

Susan Goodin1

  • 1The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA. goodin@umdnj.edu

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP : Official Journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
|May 28, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epothilones are effective antitumor drugs for breast cancer, even with resistance to other treatments. Ongoing trials will further define their role in cancer therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Metastatic breast cancer has a poor prognosis, with limited survival even with current therapies.
  • Drug resistance to taxanes and other chemotherapies is a significant challenge in treating metastatic breast cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of epothilones as antitumor medications for breast cancer patients.
  • To explore the potential of epothilones in overcoming resistance to existing chemotherapy drugs like taxanes and anthracyclines.

Main Methods:

  • Preclinical studies (in vitro and animal models) assessed epothilone's microtubule stabilizing effects and efficacy against resistant cancer cell lines.
  • Clinical trials (Phase I, II, and III) evaluated epothilone B (patupilone) and ixabepilone in various cancers, including breast cancer.
  • Phase III trials compared ixabepilone combined with capecitabine versus capecitabine alone in heavily pretreated, taxane-resistant patients.

Main Results:

  • Epothilones demonstrate potent microtubule stabilization, exceeding that of taxanes.
  • Epothilones show efficacy against cancer cell lines with high drug resistance and induce regression of taxane-resistant tumors.
  • Epothilone B (patupilone) showed disease stabilization or objective responses in Phase I/II trials across multiple cancer types.
  • Ixabepilone, as monotherapy, showed efficacy in Phase II trials for breast cancer, including taxane-resistant cases.
  • A Phase III trial indicated that ixabepilone plus capecitabine was superior to capecitabine alone in taxane-resistant patients.

Conclusions:

  • Epothilones represent a novel class of antitumor agents with advantages over taxanes, particularly in overcoming drug resistance.
  • Ixabepilone is approved for metastatic breast cancer treatment and has shown promise in combination therapy.
  • Further clinical trials are essential to fully establish the role of epothilones in comprehensive cancer treatment strategies.