Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Structure-Activity Relationships and Drug Design

Structure-Activity Relationships and Drug Design

Drug design is a dynamic field that involves discovering and developing new medications based on specific biological targets. This process heavily relies on structure-activity relationships (SAR) and quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) to guide the design and optimization of efficient drugs.
SAR studies the intricate relationship between a drug's chemical structure and biological activity. It focuses on understanding how modifications to a drug's structure can influence its...

Inhibitors of Gram-positive Cell Wall Synthesis

Inhibitors of Gram-positive Cell Wall Synthesis

Bacterial cell walls are typically rigid structures composed mainly of peptidoglycan, a mesh-like polymer that provides mechanical strength and maintains cell shape. The synthesis of peptidoglycan is a crucial process in bacterial growth and serves as a primary target for many antibiotics.Mechanism of Action of Beta-Lactam AntibioticsBeta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis in actively growing cells. These antibiotics share a characteristic four-membered...

Production of Antibiotics

Production of Antibiotics

Penicillin, one of the earliest and most widely used antibiotics, is produced industrially by the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum. Large stirred-tank bioreactors ranging from tens to hundreds of thousands of liters maintain tightly controlled temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen conditions to support fungal metabolism and maximize antibiotic yield. Penicillin is a secondary metabolite, synthesized primarily during the stationary growth phase, which requires a carefully managed...

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...

Adrenergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

Adrenergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

Adrenergic agonists' structure-activity relationship (SAR) determines their selectivity and efficacy. These agonists comprise a phenylethylamine moiety with an aromatic ring and an ethylamine side chain.
Aromatic ring substitutions: Substituting the aromatic ring with –OH groups at positions 3 and 4 yields catecholamines (e.g., epinephrine), which have a high affinity for adrenoceptors. Hydrogen bonding between –OH groups and receptors enhances adrenergic activity.
Separation of the aromatic...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Organic and Organometallic Pyrazoline Derivatives as Selective Dual COX-2/5-LOX Inhibitors and Potential Anticancer Agents.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2026

Same author

Substituted aryl piperazine ligands as new dual 5-hLOX/COX-2 inhibitors. Synthesis, biological and computational studies.

Bioorganic chemistry·2025

Same author

Development of Ferrocenyl and Ruthenocenyl Zileuton Analogs with Enhanced Bioactivity toward Human 5-Lipoxygenase: Innovation in Drugs for Inflammatory Diseases.

Inorganic chemistry·2025

Same author

Correction: Muñoz-Villagrán et al. The Thioredoxin Fold Protein (TFP2) from Extreme Acidophilic <i>Leptospirillum</i> sp. CF-1 Is a Chaperedoxin-like Protein That Prevents the Aggregation of Proteins under Oxidative Stress. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2024, <i>25</i>, 6905.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024

Same author

Development of novel organometallic sulfonamides with N-ethyl or N-methyl benzenesulfonamide units as potential human carbonic anhydrase I, II, IX and XII isoforms' inhibitors: Synthesis, biological evaluation and docking studies.

Journal of inorganic biochemistry·2024

Same author

The Thioredoxin Fold Protein (TFP2) from Extreme Acidophilic <i>Leptospirillum</i> sp. CF-1 Is a Chaperedoxin-like Protein That Prevents the Aggregation of Proteins under Oxidative Stress.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products

Published on: October 4, 2019

A structure-activity study of antibacterial diterpenoids.

Alejandro Urzúa¹, Marcos C Rezende, Carolina Mascayano

¹Facultad de Química y Biología, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile. aurzua@usach.cl

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

|May 9, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Two key structural features in terpenoids, a hydrophobic decalin skeleton and a hydrophilic hydrogen-bond-donor group, are crucial for antibacterial activity. These features facilitate optimal insertion into bacterial cell membranes.

More Related Videos

A Platform of Anti-biofilm Assays Suited to the Exploration of Natural Compound Libraries

A Platform of Anti-biofilm Assays Suited to the Exploration of Natural Compound Libraries

Published on: December 27, 2016

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform

Published on: October 17, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products

Published on: October 4, 2019

A Platform of Anti-biofilm Assays Suited to the Exploration of Natural Compound Libraries

A Platform of Anti-biofilm Assays Suited to the Exploration of Natural Compound Libraries

Published on: December 27, 2016

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform

Published on: October 17, 2019

Area of Science:

Natural Product Chemistry
Medicinal Chemistry
Microbiology

Background:

Terpenoids are a diverse class of natural products with a wide range of biological activities.
Understanding the structure-activity relationships of terpenoids is essential for developing new antibacterial agents.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify structural requirements for antibacterial activity in terpenoids.
To elucidate the mechanism of action of active terpenoids against bacterial cell membranes.

Main Methods:

Analysis of antibacterial activities of 15 terpenoids (11 novel, 4 literature-based).
Computational docking of selected terpenoids into a model phospholipid bilayer.

Main Results:

Two critical structural features identified: a hydrophobic substituted decalin skeleton and a hydrophilic hydrogen-bond-donor group.
These features promote optimal insertion into phospholipid bilayers, suggesting membrane disruption as a mechanism of action.

Conclusions:

The identified structural requirements provide a rational basis for the design of novel terpenoid-based antibacterial compounds.
Further investigation into membrane interactions can guide the development of more potent and selective agents.