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Related Concept Videos

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's forehead...
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...
Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal01:27

Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal

Rectal temperature measurement is considered the most precise method for assessing core body temperature and typically registers higher than oral temperature. For adults, the rectal thermometer should be inserted 1 to 1.5 inches into the rectum to obtain the most accurate reading.
Follow these steps for rectal temperature assessment:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...
Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla

Procedural Guide for Assessing Axillary Body Temperature using a Digital Thermometer:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
Step 3: Adjust the patient’s clothing to expose only the axilla. It minimizes...
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
06:43

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management

Published on: November 21, 2017

[Intraoperative temperature management].

Alexander Torossian1

  • 1Klinik für Anästhesie und Intensivtherapie, Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Marburg. torossia@med.uni-marburg.de

Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
|May 9, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate core body temperature monitoring is crucial during surgery to prevent hypothermia. While oral temperature checks are standard pre- and post-operatively, intraoperative methods require frequent or continuous measurement for patient safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
  • Physiology
  • Medical Monitoring Technology

Context:

  • Perioperative core body temperature monitoring is essential for identifying and managing inadvertent hypothermia.
  • Maintaining normothermia intraoperatively is critical for preventing adverse patient outcomes.
  • Current guidelines mandate continuous or frequent (at least every 15 minutes) temperature measurements during surgery.

Purpose:

  • To review and evaluate methods for perioperative core body temperature monitoring.
  • To highlight the importance of accurate temperature assessment in surgical patients.
  • To provide guidance on the selection of appropriate temperature monitoring techniques.

Summary:

  • The oral route, specifically the rostral sublingual pocket, is the preferred method for pre- and postoperative temperature monitoring.
  • Intraoperative monitoring requires continuous measurement or at least measurements every 15 minutes.
  • Semi-invasive methods like nasopharyngeal, esophageal, urinary bladder, and rectal measurements are acceptable alternatives, each with limitations.
  • Ear-based temperature monitoring is not recommended due to significant inaccuracies.

Impact:

  • Improved patient safety through timely detection and management of hypothermia.
  • Enhanced clinical decision-making regarding thermal management strategies.
  • Guidance for healthcare professionals on selecting reliable temperature monitoring tools in the perioperative setting.