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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Exfoliation and Analysis of Large-area, Air-Sensitive Two-Dimensional Materials

Exfoliation and Analysis of Large-area, Air-Sensitive Two-Dimensional Materials

Published on: January 5, 2019

Structure and function of window glass and Pyrex.

J C Phillips¹, R Kerner

¹Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8019, USA. jcphillips@comcast.net

The Journal of Chemical Physics

|May 10, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study explains the composition of window glass and Pyrex using chemical and mathematical models. Pyrex

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Glass Chemistry
Computational Materials Science

Background:

Window glass is a ternary mixture (sodium calcium silicate), while Pyrex is a quaternary (sodium aluminum borosilicate).
Understanding the factors determining optimized glass compositions is crucial for material development.
Previous work successfully derived window glass composition using parameter-free models.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the chemical, physical, and mathematical factors governing the compositions of window glass and Pyrex.
To develop a cluster model for Pyrex that explains its mechanical shock resistance.
To explore hierarchical principles underlying commercial glass structures.

Main Methods:

Analysis of chemical, physical, and mathematical factors influencing glass composition.
Application of mean-field (global) models for silicate glasses.
Development and application of a cluster model for Pyrex, incorporating large medium-range order.

Main Results:

Mean-field models are sufficient for window glass and most commercial silicate glasses.
A cluster model is necessary to explain Pyrex's resistance to mechanical shocks.
The proposed cluster model aligns with hierarchical principles and is supported by experiments.

Conclusions:

Different modeling approaches (mean-field vs. cluster) are required for different glass types.
The cluster model provides a framework for understanding Pyrex's unique properties.
Further experiments are suggested to validate the principles governing commercial glass structures.