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Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Quantitative Measurement of Invadopodia-mediated Extracellular Matrix Proteolysis in Single and Multicellular Contexts

Quantitative Measurement of Invadopodia-mediated Extracellular Matrix Proteolysis in Single and Multicellular Contexts

Published on: August 27, 2012

Glycocalyx damage estimated using colloidal iron staining.

Daoxin Zhang¹, Yoshitaka Isaka, Ryoichi Imamura

¹Department of Advanced Technology for Transplantation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.

Cell Transplantation

|May 13, 2008

Summary

The kidney

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Area of Science:

Nephrology
Cell Biology
Immunology

Background:

Anionic constituents in kidney capillary basement membranes and endothelial cells form a size- and charge-selective barrier.
A glycocalyx, a protective layer, is present on the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), peritubular capillary (PTC) endothelial cells, and tubular epithelial cells in healthy kidneys.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the presence and role of the glycocalyx in kidney structures.
To determine the impact of kidney rejection and immunosuppressive drugs on the glycocalyx.

Main Methods:

Cationic colloidal iron staining was used on human kidney biopsy specimens.
Examined normal kidneys, kidneys with acute humoral rejection (C4d-positive), and chronic allograft nephropathy.
Assessed the effect of cyclosporine and heparin treatment on the glycocalyx.

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Quantitative Measurement of Invadopodia-mediated Extracellular Matrix Proteolysis in Single and Multicellular Contexts

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Main Results:

The glycocalyx was absent in the PTC wall of kidneys with acute humoral rejection.
The glycocalyx was also abolished in the GBM and PTC wall of kidneys with chronic allograft nephropathy.
Cyclosporine treatment removed the PTC glycocalyx, while heparin prevented its elimination.

Conclusions:

The glycocalyx on the GBM and PTC is a crucial component of the endothelial cell barrier.
Loss of glycocalyx is associated with kidney allograft rejection and may be influenced by immunosuppressive therapy.