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Related Concept Videos

Fixed Action Patterns01:06

Fixed Action Patterns

A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.
Southern Blot02:57

Southern Blot

Agarose gel electrophoresis is very useful in separating DNA fragments by size. Running a DNA ladder containing fragments of the known length alongside the sample helps determine the approximate length of the sample DNA fragments. However, additional steps are needed to verify the sequence identity of the sample DNA fragments.
Denatured DNA fragments must be transferred onto a carrier membrane from the gel to make it accessible to a probe - a small ssDNA fragment complementary to the target DNA...
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also regularly...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Multi-locus Variable-number Tandem-repeat Analysis of the Fish-pathogenic Bacterium Yersinia ruckeri by Multiplex PCR and Capillary Electrophoresis
10:33

Multi-locus Variable-number Tandem-repeat Analysis of the Fish-pathogenic Bacterium Yersinia ruckeri by Multiplex PCR and Capillary Electrophoresis

Published on: June 17, 2019

Replication banding patterns in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).

A M Pendás, P Morán, E García-Vázquez

    Genome
    |June 1, 1993
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study mapped Salmo salar chromosomes using modified 5-BrdU and FPG staining. Researchers identified chromosome pairs by banding patterns, size, and centromere position, comparing results with C-banding.

    Area of Science:

    • Cytogenetics
    • Molecular Biology
    • Ichthyology

    Background:

    • Karyotyping is essential for understanding genome organization and evolution in fish species.
    • Replication banding techniques provide insights into chromosome structure and dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To establish detailed replication banding patterns for Salmo salar chromosomes.
    • To compare replication banding with C-banding patterns for enhanced karyotype resolution.

    Main Methods:

    • In vivo treatment of Salmo salar with a modified 5-Bromodeoxyuridine (5-BrdU) technique.
    • In vitro kidney cell culture with Fluorochrome Photolysis G-banding (FPG) staining.
    • Analysis of chromosome morphology, including size and centromere position.

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    Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

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    Main Results:

    • Replication banding patterns were successfully generated for Salmo salar.
    • Most chromosome pairs were identified and characterized based on banding, size, and centromere location.
    • Comparison between replication banding and C-banding patterns was performed.

    Conclusions:

    • The combined use of modified 5-BrdU and FPG staining provides a robust method for Salmo salar karyotype analysis.
    • Replication banding patterns enhance the identification and characterization of fish chromosomes.
    • This study contributes to a better understanding of Salmo salar genome structure and evolution.