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Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
Clipper Circuit01:18

Clipper Circuit

A clipper circuit is a fundamental wave-shaping device that harnesses the unique properties of diodes to alter and control waveform characteristics. This technology is widely used in electronic devices, especially in television and radar communication systems, where it enhances waveform modulation in both transmitters and receivers.
The operation of a clipper circuit can be exemplified by analyzing a dual-clipper configuration setup that integrates two ideal diodes, each paired with a biasing...
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...
IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations01:08

IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations

Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single stretching vibration...
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...

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Updated: Jul 5, 2026

How to Build a Dichoptic Presentation System That Includes an Eye Tracker
05:48

How to Build a Dichoptic Presentation System That Includes an Eye Tracker

Published on: September 6, 2017

Robust chirped mirrors.

Omid Nohadani1, Jonathan R Birge, Franz X Kärtner

  • 1Operations Research Center and Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. nohadani@mit.edu

Applied Optics
|May 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Manufacturing errors can degrade chirped mirror performance. This study introduces a robust design method accounting for layer thickness uncertainties to ensure high performance and yield in dispersion-compensating mirror systems for ultrashort pulse lasers.

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Optical Scatter Microscopy Based on Two-Dimensional Gabor Filters
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Published on: September 6, 2017

Optical Scatter Microscopy Based on Two-Dimensional Gabor Filters
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Area of Science:

  • Optical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Laser Physics

Background:

  • Chirped mirrors are critical for ultrashort pulse laser systems, enabling dispersion compensation.
  • Manufacturing imperfections in layer thickness can significantly degrade mirror performance, impacting reflectivity and group delay.
  • Existing optimization methods may not adequately address real-world manufacturing tolerances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust optimization framework for designing dispersion-compensating chirped mirrors.
  • To enhance the manufacturing yield of chirped mirrors by accounting for layer thickness errors.
  • To ensure reliable performance of chirped mirrors under realistic fabrication conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of an uncertainty set representing possible layer thickness errors into the optimization algorithm.
  • Identification of worst-case scenarios for mirror reflectivity and group delay.
  • Iterative refinement of the design to improve robustness against manufacturing variations.

Main Results:

  • The proposed robust optimization method effectively accounts for manufacturing uncertainties.
  • The algorithm successfully identifies critical error scenarios impacting mirror performance.
  • Demonstrated improvement in the robustness and manufacturing yield of chirped mirrors.

Conclusions:

  • Robust design is essential for reliable chirped mirror performance in ultrashort pulse lasers.
  • The developed method provides a pathway to high-yield manufacturing of dispersion-compensating mirrors.
  • This approach mitigates performance degradation caused by inevitable fabrication errors.