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Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models
09:54

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models

Published on: December 3, 2019

Three cases of HIV-1 seroreversion.

V Tarján1, E Ujhelyi, J Szabó

  • 1National Transfusion Center, POB 44, 1518, Budapest, Hungary.

Pathology Oncology Research : POR
|May 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transient HIV seropositivity can occur in hemophiliacs due to factor VIII concentrate exposure and in EBV patients from immune responses. These rare cases highlight the importance of careful interpretation of HIV antibody tests.

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Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays
13:58

Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays

Published on: September 26, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) antibody testing is crucial for diagnosis.
  • Transient seropositivity can complicate accurate HIV diagnosis.
  • Understanding causes of false-positive HIV tests is important for clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and report rare cases of transient human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity.
  • To explore potential causes of transient HIV seropositivity in specific patient populations.

Main Methods:

  • Serial serum sample analysis using multiple HIV antibody enzyme immunoassays (EIA).
  • Confirmatory testing including immunofluorescence assay and Western blot (WB).
  • Additional molecular and enzymatic assays (PCR, reverse transcriptase) in one case.

Main Results:

  • Two hemophiliac patients showed transient reactivity in HIV screening and confirmatory assays, possibly linked to factor VIII concentrate exposure.
  • One patient with acute Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection exhibited transient HIV seropositivity.
  • Western blot remained indeterminate in one case after 2.5 years, while EIA tests became negative.

Conclusions:

  • Transient HIV seropositivity can be observed in hemophiliacs and EBV-infected individuals.
  • Factor VIII concentrate may induce temporary immune responses leading to false-positive HIV tests.
  • EBV infection can trigger polyclonal B-cell activation, potentially causing cross-reactive antibody production.