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[Expression and clinical implication of platelet-derived growth factor-D and platelet-derived growth factor-beta in
Zan-Hua Rong1, Chen Wang, Jun Hao
1Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China.
Insights
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-D and PDGF-B levels increase with IgA nephropathy severity in children. PDGF-D shows greater sensitivity to disease progression and prognosis than PDGF-B.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Context:
- Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is a common glomerular disease in children.
- Mesangial proliferation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis are key pathological features.
- Growth factors, including platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs), play a role in kidney disease progression.
Purpose:
- To investigate the clinical implications of PDGF-D and PDGF-beta in pediatric IgA nephropathy.
- To correlate PDGF levels with disease severity and renal function markers.
- To compare the sensitivity of PDGF-D and PDGF-B as indicators of IgA nephropathy.
Summary:
- Elevated serum and urinary levels of PDGF-D and PDGF-B were observed in children with IgA nephropathy, correlating positively with urinary protein excretion and negatively with serum albumin.
- PDGF-D and PDGF-beta expression in renal tissues was significantly higher in IgA nephropathy patients and increased with glomerular damage severity.
- PDGF-D levels appeared more sensitive than PDGF-B in reflecting the severity and prognosis of IgA nephropathy.
Impact:
- PDGF-D may be a significant factor in the development of mesangial proliferation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in IgA nephropathy.
- PDGF-D shows potential as a sensitive biomarker for assessing IgA nephropathy severity and predicting patient outcomes.
- These findings contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying IgA nephropathy and may inform future therapeutic strategies.
Objective:
To investigate the clinical implication of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-D and PDGF-beta in IgA nephropathy in childhood.
Methods:
Forty-seven children with IgA nephropathy and 26 controls were enrolled for study, and their serum, urine and renal biopsy specimens were examined. The patients were divided into control group [including serum, urine specimens of 13 healthy children and 13 renal biopsy samples of non-IgA nephropathy in children], mild proliferation (MP) group (13 patients), focal proliferation (FP) group (19 patients), and proliferation sclerosis (PS) group (15 patients). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry were used to determine contents of PDGF-D, PDGF-beta and PDGF-B in blood, urine and renal tissues. The levels of 24-hour urinary protein excretion, serum albumin (Alb), serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) were also determined.
Results:
Compared with control group, levels of PDGF-D and PDGF-B were progressively elevated in blood and urine of IgA nephropathy children with increase in severity of glomerular damage (all P<0.01). Serum as well as urinary PDGF-D and PDGF-B levels were positively correlated with 24-hour urinary protein excretion (PDGF-D blood: r=0.546, urine: r=0.760; PDGF-B blood: r=0.634, urine: r=0.577, respectively, P<0.01), while negatively correlated with serum Alb levels in IgA nephropathy patients (PDGF-D blood: r=-0.649, urine: r=-0.528; PDGF-B blood: r=-0.613, urine: r=-0.531, respectively, P<0.01). Contents of PDGF-D and PDGF-beta in renal tissue were much higher than those of control group (P<0.01). Along with the increase in severity of glomerular pathology, their contents increased gradually. PDGF-B was only significantly expressed in renal tissue in FP group and PS group.
Conclusion:
PDGF-D might significantly enhance the development of mesangial proliferation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. In comparison with PDGF-B, PDGF-D appears to reflect more sensitive to the severity and prognosis of IgA nephropathy.
