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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Ureters01:22

Ureters

The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...

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Progres en urologie : journal de l'Association francaise d'urologie et de la Societe francaise d'urologie·2023
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2022 Recommendations of the AFU Lithiasis Committee: Management of symptomatic urinary stones.

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2022 recommendations of the AFU Lithiasis Committee: Objectives, results, residual stones and fragments.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

A Murine Model of Irreversible and Reversible Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction
14:05

A Murine Model of Irreversible and Reversible Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

Published on: December 20, 2014

[Ureter drugs].

G Raynal1, J Bellan, F Saint

  • 1Service d'urologie et transplantation, CHU d'Amiens, hôpital Sud, boulevard Laennec, 80054 Salouel cedex, France. gauthier.raynal@etud.u-picardie.fr

Progres En Urologie : Journal De L'Association Francaise D'Urologie Et De La Societe Francaise D'Urologie
|May 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advancements in ureteral smooth muscle pharmacology offer new drug therapies. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and alpha-blockers show promise for renal colic and stone expulsion, with further research needed for beta-agonists and topical agents.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

A Murine Model of Irreversible and Reversible Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction
14:05

A Murine Model of Irreversible and Reversible Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

Published on: December 20, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Urology
  • Smooth Muscle Physiology

Context:

  • Ureteral smooth muscle function is crucial for urine transport.
  • Pharmacological interventions can modulate ureteral activity.
  • Recent advancements have expanded therapeutic options.

Purpose:

  • To review the current understanding of ureteral smooth muscle pharmacology.
  • To explore the clinical applications of various drug classes in urological conditions.
  • To identify areas for future research and drug development.

Summary:

  • This review covers the physiological basis of ureteral smooth muscle.
  • It examines the effects of different drug classes on ureteral function.
  • Clinical applications discussed include renal colic analgesia, medical expulsive therapy for calculi, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) adjuvant treatment, and preoperative management for retrograde access.
  • Current evidence supports the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and alpha-blockers.
  • Beta-agonists, particularly selective beta3 agonists, and topical agents warrant further investigation.

Impact:

  • Provides a comprehensive overview of ureteral pharmacology for clinicians and researchers.
  • Highlights evidence-based treatments and identifies gaps in current knowledge.
  • Informs future research directions for novel ureteral drug therapies.
  • Aims to improve patient outcomes in conditions like renal colic and urinary stone disease.