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Related Concept Videos

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of cells.
Two...
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways01:25

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
Positive Regulator Molecules02:39

Positive Regulator Molecules

Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...

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Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry - A Powerful Tool to Identify Novel c-di-GMP Effector Proteins
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Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry - A Powerful Tool to Identify Novel c-di-GMP Effector Proteins

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CSCDB: the cAMP and cGMP signaling components database.

Jianxin Lu1, Qiyu Bao, Jinyu Wu

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325003, China.

Genomics
|May 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins have diverse structures and functions, as revealed by the CSCDB database. This resource compiles signaling pathway components across numerous organisms for comprehensive analysis.

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry - A Powerful Tool to Identify Novel c-di-GMP Effector Proteins
12:11

Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry - A Powerful Tool to Identify Novel c-di-GMP Effector Proteins

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Measurement of Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP) in Solid Tissues using Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
07:15

Measurement of Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP) in Solid Tissues using Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)

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Establishment of a High-throughput Setup for Screening Small Molecules That Modulate c-di-GMP Signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Establishment of a High-throughput Setup for Screening Small Molecules That Modulate c-di-GMP Signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Published on: June 30, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) are crucial second messengers in cellular signaling.
  • Key components include adenylate cyclases, guanylate cyclases, phosphodiesterases, and cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the diversity of cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins.
  • To establish a comprehensive database (CSCDB) for cAMP and cGMP signaling pathway components.
  • To provide detailed annotations and user-friendly access to genomic data.

Main Methods:

  • BLAST and profile search methods were employed to identify cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins.
  • Bioinformatic analysis was used to determine domain architectures.
  • Database construction involved accumulating and annotating data from complete genomes.

Main Results:

  • Cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins exhibit diverse domain architectures, fused with various functional domains.
  • The CSCDB database was created, containing 4234 entries from 466 organisms (eukaryotes, bacteria, archaea).
  • Each entry includes sequence, functional domains, localization, and similarity data.

Conclusions:

  • Cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins play versatile roles beyond characterized signaling pathways.
  • The CSCDB provides a valuable resource for studying cAMP and cGMP signaling across diverse life forms.
  • The database facilitates research through accessible browsing, searching, and data downloading.