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Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy

Published on: April 16, 2019

Mast cell tryptase and asthma.

M Q Zhang¹, H Timmerman

¹Division of Medicinal Chemistry Leiden/Amsterdam Centre for Drug Research, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1083, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.

Mediators of Inflammation

|January 1, 1997

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Tryptase, released from mast cells, contributes to asthma by causing airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. Inhibiting tryptase shows promise as a therapeutic strategy for asthma treatment.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Pulmonology
Pharmacology

Background:

Tryptase, a major mast cell protease, is implicated in inflammatory diseases, particularly asthma.
Mast cell activation releases tryptase, leading to airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammatory cell infiltration in animal models.

Purpose of the Study:

To review experimental evidence on tryptase's role in asthma pathogenesis.
To summarize the effects of tryptase inhibition in animal asthma models.
To discuss potential anti-asthmatic drug development strategies targeting tryptase.

Main Methods:

Review of existing physiological and pharmacological studies.
Analysis of experimental data on tryptase's mechanisms of action.
Evaluation of tryptase inhibition efficacy in animal asthma models.

Main Results:

Tryptase potentiates mediators like histamine, produces bradykinin, and cleaves bronchodilating peptides (VIP, PHM), causing bronchoconstriction.
Tryptase acts as a mitogen for airway smooth muscle and epithelial cells, suggesting a role in airway hyperplasia.
Tryptase inhibition demonstrated therapeutic effects in animal asthma models.

Conclusions:

Tryptase plays a significant role in asthma pathophysiology through various mechanisms.
Targeting tryptase presents a viable strategy for developing novel anti-asthmatic therapies.