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Related Concept Videos

Hemoglobin01:24

Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin is a globular protein made up of four subunits. Two of these subunits are alpha chains, and the other two are beta chains. Each subunit contains a molecule of heme, which has an iron atom and can bind to oxygen. When an oxygen molecule binds to one heme group, it changes the shape of hemoglobin, making it easier for the other heme groups to bind oxygen as well.
When all four heme groups are bound to oxygen, the resulting molecule is called oxyhemoglobin. As a result, arterial blood...
Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

The Concept of Multiple Allelism
Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Gene Families01:57

Gene Families

Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
Jaundice01:25

Jaundice

Jaundice, or icterus, is the yellow discoloration of the skin, sclerae, and mucous membranes. It happens when plasma bilirubin levels rise above 2.5-3 mg/dL, leading to bilirubin deposition in tissue.Bilirubin is a byproduct of hemoglobin degradation. In macrophages, hemoglobin breaks down into globin and heme. Globin is converted into amino acids, while heme is turned into biliverdin by heme oxygenase, which is then reduced to unconjugated bilirubin by biliverdin reductase.Unconjugated...

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Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Characterization of Sickling During Controlled Automated Deoxygenation with Oxygen Gradient Ektacytometry
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Characterization of Sickling During Controlled Automated Deoxygenation with Oxygen Gradient Ektacytometry

Published on: November 5, 2019

Hemoglobinopathies in the Sudan.

Abozer Y Elderdery1, Babiker A Mohamed, Mubarak E Karsani

  • 1Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Juba, Sudan.

Hemoglobin
|May 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated blood health in 632 Sudanese patients, finding low hematological parameters and common Hemoglobin S due to malaria and poor nutrition. These findings highlight the need for improved health interventions in the region.

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Characterization of Sickling During Controlled Automated Deoxygenation with Oxygen Gradient Ektacytometry
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Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload
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Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload

Published on: March 14, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Public Health
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sudanese population faces health challenges including infections and nutritional deficiencies.
  • Malaria is endemic in Sudan, potentially impacting hematological health.
  • Previous studies on hematological parameters in this region are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate hematological parameters in Sudanese patients.
  • To identify common hemoglobin variants and their prevalence.
  • To explore potential causes of observed hematological abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study design.
  • Collection of venous blood samples from 632 outpatients at Khartoum Teaching Hospital.
  • Analysis of full blood count (FBC) and hemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis using cellulose acetate method.

Main Results:

  • Hemoglobin S (Hb S) was the most prevalent abnormal hemoglobin.
  • Low hematological parameters were observed in a significant portion of the study group.
  • Identified contributing factors included poor nutrition, infections, and hemolytic processes.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights prevalent low hematological parameters in the Sudanese cohort.
  • Hemoglobin S is common, likely linked to the endemic malaria environment.
  • Poor nutrition and health conditions contribute to reduced blood health in the studied population.