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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview

Modified-release dosage forms are designed to address the limitations of drugs with short biological half-lives. These forms maintain stable therapeutic drug concentrations over extended periods, reducing the need for frequent dosing. A consistent drug level helps minimize peak-trough fluctuations, which can reduce adverse effects, lower the risk of drug resistance, and improve overall treatment effectiveness.One common type of modified-release form is the extended-release (ER) formulation. ER...
Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Stability Enhancement and GI Retention01:05

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Stability Enhancement and GI Retention

Improving a drug's stability in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is paramount for enhancing its bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness. Various strategies are employed to protect the drug from the harsh gastric milieu and to ensure its release and absorption at the desired site within the GI tract.Polymer coatings are one such method used to shield drugs from the stomach's acidic environment. By preventing premature drug release, these coatings improve the bioavailability of unstable...
Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors01:20

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

A Murine Model of Stent Implantation in the Carotid Artery for the Study of Restenosis
04:30

A Murine Model of Stent Implantation in the Carotid Artery for the Study of Restenosis

Published on: May 14, 2013

Drug-eluting stents: present and future.

Lakshmana Pendyala1, Refat Jabara, Toshiro Shinke

  • 1Saint Joseph's Translational Research Institute, 5673 Peachtree Dunwoody Road, N.E. Suite 675, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA.

Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
|May 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drug-eluting stents (DES) effectively treat in-stent restenosis after coronary interventions. Current DES reduce restenosis rates, and future generations promise enhanced therapies beyond cellular proliferation inhibition.

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Fabrication of Small Caliber Stent-grafts Using Electrospinning and Balloon Expandable Bare Metal Stents
06:55

Fabrication of Small Caliber Stent-grafts Using Electrospinning and Balloon Expandable Bare Metal Stents

Published on: October 26, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

A Murine Model of Stent Implantation in the Carotid Artery for the Study of Restenosis
04:30

A Murine Model of Stent Implantation in the Carotid Artery for the Study of Restenosis

Published on: May 14, 2013

Fabrication of Small Caliber Stent-grafts Using Electrospinning and Balloon Expandable Bare Metal Stents
06:55

Fabrication of Small Caliber Stent-grafts Using Electrospinning and Balloon Expandable Bare Metal Stents

Published on: October 26, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • In-stent restenosis (ISR) is a significant complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), driven by neointimal hyperplasia.
  • Drug-eluting stents (DES) deliver therapeutic agents locally to inhibit cellular proliferation, a key factor in ISR.
  • Existing DES, like sirolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting stents, have demonstrated clinical efficacy compared to bare-metal stents (BMS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status and future directions of drug-eluting stents (DES) in managing obstructive coronary disease.
  • To discuss the benefits of localized drug delivery via stents in minimizing systemic toxicity.
  • To explore emerging DES technologies, including new drugs, materials, and delivery systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trials and preclinical studies on drug-eluting stents (DES).
  • Analysis of the mechanisms of action for antimitotic and antimicrotubular agents used in DES.
  • Discussion of the characteristics of ideal agents for comprehensive ISR management.

Main Results:

  • Commercial DES (Cypher, Taxus) have shown significant reductions in restenosis, lumen loss, and revascularization rates versus BMS.
  • DES maximize local drug concentrations, reducing systemic exposure and potential toxicity.
  • Next-generation DES incorporate advanced technologies like gene therapy, cell delivery, and bioabsorbable materials.

Conclusions:

  • Drug-eluting stents represent a major advancement in treating coronary artery disease by mitigating in-stent restenosis.
  • Future DES aim for multi-faceted therapeutic effects, addressing inflammation, thrombosis, and promoting re-endothelialization.
  • Ongoing research into novel stent designs, drug formulations, and biological approaches promises further improvements in cardiovascular intervention outcomes.