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Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
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Huntington disease or HD is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.PathophysiologyIt is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4 (4p16.3), producing an abnormal huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. This misfolded protein disrupts cellular function, leading to neuronal death. Normal alleles have ≤26 repeats, 27–35 are intermediate (risk of expansion), 36–39 show reduced penetrance,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Frontal Disconnection for Treating Mild Malformation of Cortical Development with Oligodendroglial Hyperplasia in Epilepsy (MOGHE) in the Frontal Lobe
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Moya Moya disease in a child.

Samina Shamim1, Jay Kumar, Syed Waseem Jamalvi

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|May 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Moya Moya disease, a rare cerebrovascular condition, was diagnosed in a 5-year-old child presenting with seizures and neurological deficits. Cerebral angiography confirmed the primary vascular pathology.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Moya Moya disease is a progressive neurovascular condition characterized by stenosis of the terminal internal carotid arteries.
  • It can lead to ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes, particularly in pediatric populations.

Observation:

  • A 5-year-old child presented with new-onset seizures and clinical signs suggestive of bilateral upper motor neuron lesions.
  • The patient's neurological presentation indicated a significant central nervous system insult.

Findings:

  • Diagnostic investigations, including cerebral angiography, identified a primary cerebral vascular pathology consistent with Moya Moya disease.
  • The findings highlight the importance of considering rare vascular diseases in pediatric neurological presentations.

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Frontal Disconnection for Treating Mild Malformation of Cortical Development with Oligodendroglial Hyperplasia in Epilepsy (MOGHE) in the Frontal Lobe
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Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and intervention in Moya Moya disease are crucial for preventing severe neurological sequelae.
  • This case underscores the need for comprehensive vascular imaging in children with unexplained neurological symptoms.
  • Further research into the pathogenesis and optimal management strategies for pediatric Moya Moya disease is warranted.